I've been developing a project with a BeagleBone Black and some other accessories connected to it as a proof of concept. Now, I wish to create a Prototype on my own leaving the BeagleBone behind, with the intention of eventually transforming the project to a commercial final product manufactured in industrial quantities.
I've been searching the web for a couple days now and have found tons of information on going from Prototype to Final Product, but I have found very little information for the previous step; from proof of concept to prototype. Being more specific, what I would like to do now is replicate what I already have with the BeagleBone on pieces I obtain separately and try it out on a breadboard. After this, I would design a final PCB for mass production.
My question, in short, is how do I know which pieces I will need, and how should I connect them (including resistors, transistors, etc)? If the question is too broad, is there any guidance you can give me for me to learn what I need? This is my first project of this kind, and even though I am a Computer Engineer my knowledge is really limited in electronic matters.
I thank your answers in advance. Please if this is off topic, repeated or anything similar direct me to where I can find the answers. I've been looking a lot and can't find the precise answers.
Best regards, Diego