is it okey to take a 1mm Copperwire?
Yes. A single layer 60cm long will have 545 turns and need 600m of wire.
How much Voltage do i need , for a nice movement?
13 Volts. The coil will draw ~1 Amp. The movement will be very nice (synonyms: enjoyable, pleasant, delightful, entertaining, amusing). You could use up to 65V (which should draw 5A) but the coil will get hotter and the movement could get quite ugly.
Must be the inner Ring be a whole magnet or is it ok , to make many small magnets on the inner ring?
It's OK to put many small magnets on the inner ring - if you can get them to stay there. The magnets should all be oriented in the same direction, eg. north pole up, south pole down.
Resources used for calculations:-
Solenoid calculator
AWG gauges and their current ratings
for a nice movement
\$\endgroup\$