Why does IBM PC XT use advanced memory and IO write strobes instead of normal ones?

Question

I'm trying to dig into the early IBM PC's arhictecture, and got stuck with one thing that is not really clear to me. Every PC XT schematic I saw, including the original one from "IBM 5160 Technical Reference" use AMW and AIOW (sometimes also referred as AMWC and AIOWC) active low signals of the 8288 bus controller as their memory/IO write strobes. For example, this schematic:

As you can see, normal write (MWT and IOW) signals are left unconnected here. And, as far as I understand, target memory/IO device uses AMW/AIOW signal, or, to be more precise its leading edge (high-to-low) transition as a command to read the data from the data bus. However 8088/8086 datasheets say this:

The 82C88 provides two types of write strobes, normal and advanced, to be applied as required. The normal write strobes have data valid at the leading edge of write. The advanced write strobes have the same timing as read strobes, and hence, data is not valid at the leading edge of write.

This sounds confusing, because this means that any device that uses advanced write strobes of the 8288 bus controller is going to read garbase, because CPU has not yet provided any meaningful data to the bus. So, I am wondering how it still works that way in the IBM PC XT, and where I am wrong in my conclusions?

What is the purpose of these advanced write signals, and why PC XT designers used them instead of normal write strobes, which would have data perfectly valid at their leading edge?

UPDATE: At first I accepted @Kuba hasn't forgotten Monica's answer, but then went to check the schematics again, and it seems that target devices actually use leading (high-to-low) transition to read the data from the bus. Like 8253A PIT does here:

IOW is connected to the WR input of 8253A, its WR input is active low, and 8253A datasheet says:

So, my above questions still remain relevant. Isn't 8253A going to read anything but the real data in this case? Because at this point, when advanced write strobe goes low, CPU is not actually outputting data on the bus.

Answer 1

This sounds confusing, because this means that any device that uses advanced write strobes of the 8288 bus controller is going to read garbase, because CPU has not yet provided any meaningful data to the bus.

That would be true if the devices expected the data to be valid at the leading edge of the strobe. That's not the case. The leading edge is there to trigger address decoders and other combinatorial circuits. They get a chance to settle early enough for when the trailing edge of the strobe comes, the data has been valid long enough to satisfy the setup times.

The whole reason for the bus controller providing the advance outputs is to allow typical decoder/gating circuits to act before the write is over.

Answer 2

From Renesas 82C88 CMOS Bus Controller

Command Outputs

The advanced write commands are made available to initiate write procedures early in the machine cycle. This signal can be used to prevent the processor from entering an unnecessary wait state.

The standard CPU cycle takes 4 clock cycles. 1st clock cycle Address and ALE.

The standard write cycle is just 1 clock. Advanced is 2 clocks. The signals are active low. Address/Data is just for reference only.

From 8253 data sheet

Notice there are no clocks here. The timings for the write signal are referenced to rising edge of write signal. The minimum write pulse \$t_{WW}\$ is 400ns, but the minimum data set up for write \$t_{DW}\$ is 300ns and the data hold time \$t_{WD}\$ is 40ns.

This means that the write data does not have to be available at the start of the write signal, but must be available 300ns before the rising edge of the write signal. The write signal is active low but data gets latched on rising edge.

Now the advanced write signals are used to allow for more time to complete the write or external circuitry will have to insert wait states. I/O devices were slow so wait states had to be inserted.

8Mhz 82C88 part means each clock cycle is 125ns. Even using advanced timing, the write pulse is only 250ns, which is not compatible with a 400ns 8253 write, so 2 wait states must be inserted (375ns < 400ns, so write is 500ns long). Wait states delay processor by additional clock signals to make processor compatible with slower devices.

OTTOMH The original 8088 4.77MHz IBM PC had 4 wait states for I/O and 2 wait states for memory.