How to interface GSM with 8051 microcontroller to send SMS?

Question

I am doing a project on SMS sending through GSM using SIM 900 module and 8051.

My code is:

#include<reg51.h>
unsigned char *command = "AT";
unsigned char *echo = "ATE0";
unsigned char *msgConfig = "AT+CMGF=1";
unsigned char *number = "AT+CMGS=\"8283******\"";
unsigned char *message = "hello";
unsigned char *CTRLZ = 0x1A;
void serial_init(void); 
void serial(unsigned char);
void puts(unsigned char *p );
void delay(void);

void main()
{
serial_init();  
puts(command);
delay(); // delay of approx 1 sec
puts(echo);
delay();
puts(msgConfig);
delay();
puts(number);
delay();
puts(message);
delay();
puts(CTRLZ);
while(1);

}
void serial_init(void)
{

TMOD=0x20; //timer 1, mode 2(8-bit autoreload) to set baud rate 
TH1=0xFD; //-3 to TH1 for 9600 baud rate
SCON=0x50; // 8 bit txion, 1 start 1 stop bit, REN enable for both txfr and rxve
TR1=1; // start timer
}

void puts(char *p)
{
char *temp = p; /*temp pointer so that the actual pointer is not displaced */
while(*temp != 0x00)
{
serial(*temp); 
temp++;
} 
}

void serial(unsigned char x)
{

SBUF=x;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;

}
void delay(void) // delay for approx 1 sec
{
int i;
TMOD=0x01; // timer 0 in mode 1
for(i=0;i<142;i++)
{
TL0=0x00; // starting value from 0 
TH0=0x00;
TR0=1; // sart timer
while(TF0==0); // polling TF flag for high
TR0=0; // stop timer
TF0=0; // clear flag TF0

}
}

The problem here is that the SMS has not been not sent by the GSM module.

When I use the calling function by replacing the AT commands, then calling works but SMS does not. I think I am wrong in sending AT commands for SMS.

Answer 1

(While this answer perhaps might seem rude it is not meant to be. It is just a b) style answer).

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You should never, never, never, ever use delay, sleep or similar to wait for the respose from the modem! In the same way you hopefully never would think of writing a web browser that ignores all responses the web server sends back to you, you should never think of writing a modem communication program that ignores all responses the modem sends back to you.

You MUST change your algorithm to the following:

send_at_command("AT+WHATEVER\r");
do {
    line = read_full_line();
} while (!is_final_result_code(line));

where read_full_line reads characher by character until it receives \n and the previous character was \r (assuming V1 format¹).

You can look at the code for atinout for an example for the is_final_result_code function (you can also compare to isFinalResponseError and isFinalResponseSuccess in ST-Ericsson's U300 RIL, although note that CONNECT is not a final result code, it is an intermediate result code, so the name isFinalResponseSuccess is not 100% correct).

Also, specifically for AT+CMGS, you MUST wait for the \r\n> response from the modem before you start sending the payload. See the first part of this answer for more details.

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¹ See 6.2.6 DCE response format in V.250. You should not change this to V0, even if it might seem tempting to only having to check for a single character at the end of final result codes, but because information text have always \r\n as EOL, and you are just way better of treating all lines in the same way.