That PIC doesn't have EEPROM, so you are apparently wanting to use one erase page of program memory to emulate EEPROM, and you furthermore want to read the data thru the PSV window? I'll assume that's what you are trying to do, but it would have been good if you said so explicitly.
Part of your confusion may be in what you can do with a PSV window. It basically gives you a data-mapped read-only view of the low 16 bits of successive 24 bit program memory words. Note the read-only part. If you want to erase and re-write the data, you'll have to do it the normal way using table writes, NVMCON, etc.
As for where this is all described, it's a little tricky to dig out dsPIC information until you understand the method. Unlike with other PIC types, the datasheets of the 24 bit core families (24, 30, 33) are only overviews and information unique to particular parts. The datasheet will have a chapter for each peripheral, but that is a overview only and generally insufficient to write code from. The details of the peripherals are documented in the family reference manual. Unfortunately I don't know of a way to download that all in one shot. Each chapter is for a different peripheral, but is also a separate PDF document. At the beginning of the chapter for that peripheral in the datasheet, it tells you the chapter of the family reference manual that covers that peripheral. Pay attention to the FRM chapter number. Some peripherals appear the same but actually are a little different and are described in different FRM chapters.
So the process for getting information about a peripheral is to look in the datasheet of the specific part, find the chapter for that peripheral, look at the beginning of that chapter to find the FRM chapter for that specific variant of that peripheral, then get the details from that FRM chapter.
I just checked, and chapter 5 of the datasheet for the 33FJ128GP802 is Flash Program Memory. The gray box at the beginning of that tells you the details are in the 33F/24H Family Reference Manual chapter 5 (just coincidence that datasheet and FRM chapter happen to have the same number). Download and study that. I've got various pieces of code that erase and write program memory, and it's always worked just like the FRM says it does. The FRM chapter may be large because they go over every detail, but it's written well and it's all in there.
For example, here is a snippet of a routine that erases a single page of program memory:
;
; Erase the program memory block covered by the cache.
;
mov #tbloffset(nvol), w0 ;get nvol start adr in prog mem into W1:W0
mov #tblpage(nvol), w1
mov cawofs, w2 ;get nvol word offset of this block
add w0, w2, w0 ;add program memory address offset of block start
addc #0, w1
add w0, w2, w0
addc #0, w1
mov w1, Tblpag ;set upper address bits of block
mov #0xFFFF, w2
tblwtl w2, [w0] ;set low 16 address bits of block
tblwth w2, [w0]
mov #0b0100000001000010, w1
; 0--------------- don't start write/erase operation now
; -1-------------- enable write/erase operation
; --0------------- clear any previous error condition
; ---XXXXXX------- unused
; ---------1------ operation is erase, not write
; ----------XX---- unused
; ------------0010 erase one erase block
mov w1, Nvmcon ;select flash memory operation to perform
disi #1000 ;don't allow interrupts during unlock
mov #0x55, w1 ;perform the special erase/write unlock
mov w1, Nvmkey
mov #0xAA, w1
mov w1, Nvmkey
bset Nvmcon, #Wr ;start the erase operation
nop ;required NOPs after erase or write
nop
clr Disicnt ;re-enable interrupts
This code is doing a few other things related to the higher levels, but as you can see it's pretty small and straight forward if you've read the manual.
As for mapping the program memory erase page to the PSV window, first make sure your program memory region is aligned at a erase page. I would use a seperate linker section for that and either give it a fixed aligned address or use the aligned attribute. In your code to set up the PSV window, you use the psvpage function to get the value to load into PSVPAG, and the psvoffset function to get the indirect address to use in one of the W registers to access the PSV word.
Added:
You are now complaining that I only told you things you already know and didn't answer two of your questions. First, I've found that someone saying they've read the datasheet is no information at all and therefore irrlevant. The datasheet and FRM are well written and complete. I know this because I've done a number of designs with these parts and successfully erased and wrote program memory pages at run time. This includes several bootloaders and a general purpose module that uses a page of program memory for non-volatile data storage, like a low endurance EEPROM. You also specifically asked where to read about this stuff in plain english, implying you aren't even aware of the Family Reference Manual. That's why I answered your question 3 in some detail.
I also answered your questions 1 and 2:
1) How do you reliably allocate the memory within the PSV space so that it uses one entire table page so that erasing only affects that allocated data?
As I said, put the program memory to be used as EEPROM in its own linker section, and make sure the memory itself is aligned at a erase page boundary. The reason for putting this in its own linker section is so the linker can place it independently. If you were to put it in the same section as your code, for example, then the alignment to a erase page start could leave a permanent gap. With a seperate linker section, this gap can be used for other purposes.
As I also pointed out, you seem to have a misconception that erasing is somehow related to the PSV window. The two are completely independent. As I said, think of the PSV window as a read-only view into program memory. Any erases and writes must be done directly on the program memory using the normal TBLWTx instructions and manipulation of NVMCON and related.
2) How do the values relate to each other?
As I said, the psvpage and psvoffset functions built into the assembler provide the mapping of a specific setion of program memory to the PSV window at run time.