How does snubber circuit work in phase control circuit of Single Phase AC Motor? I have tried to know the causes but I was confused with RC circuit function with this phase control circuit.
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1\$\begingroup\$ Do you have an example circuit diagram because without one, your question is a bit vague? \$\endgroup\$– Andy akaJul 6, 2017 at 11:47
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\$\begingroup\$ dV/dt limiting. For EMI reasons or otherwise. It might also help to trigger the TRIAC at light load, but that would probably not be the intended or primary purpose. \$\endgroup\$– winnyJul 6, 2017 at 12:45
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\$\begingroup\$ Where does your AC supply interface? \$\endgroup\$– Andy akaJul 6, 2017 at 12:50
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\$\begingroup\$ Sorry. Forget to draw. \$\endgroup\$– CNAJul 6, 2017 at 13:10
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1\$\begingroup\$ Sorry. I have drawn again with a correct schematic. \$\endgroup\$– CNAJul 6, 2017 at 14:22
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2 Answers
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Very simply, the snubber provides a load to dissipate energy from rapid changes in voltage associated with reactive components. In your diagram, consider what happens when the triac experiences a voltage spike. The triac itself has capacitance between the line and the gate, and the spike may provide enough current through this capacitance to turn it "on."
The capacitor provides a high current path through the resistor to ground, preventing the spike voltage from rising quickly and providing a resistive load to dissipate the energy. At lower frequencies (like the motor frequency) the capacitor impedance is high and the current is low.
answered Jul 6, 2017 at 13:12
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\$\begingroup\$ I thought the inductor was the motor, until I saw the circle on the left. \$\endgroup\$ Jul 6, 2017 at 13:51
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\$\begingroup\$ It's actually a pretty good question - can someone edit the schematic? \$\endgroup\$ Jul 6, 2017 at 13:53
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A triac is a form of thyristor, so it can't turn off when current is flowing. And if the triac never switches off while current is flowing through the inductor, the snubber is completely useless.
But of course, the world we live in is not ideal and the triac will turn off before the current has completely stopped, so my guess is that the snubber forms a path for the current that is too low to go correctly through the triac.
If you're using a device that can turn off (eg. MOSFETs or gate-turn-off thyristors), then the snubber deals with the full load.
