I am using STM32L432KCU microcontroller to create a sawtooth signal. My idea is use the timer TIM2 and a R-2R network (Digital to analog converter) conected to some pins in the microcontroller (D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7). The counter is configured to start from 0 to 0xFF but the code doesn't write the pins Dx. In the code there is a function called write() that is supose to write 0 or 1 in each pin, for that I get the value of the counter using:
counter=__HAL_TIM_GetCounter(&htim2)
And then i do a check bit test with the variable counter to verify if I should set or reset each pin. But it doesn't work, the pins D1~D7 stay low and the pin D0 keep high and sometimes go low.
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
** This notice applies to any and all portions of this file
* that are not between comment pairs USER CODE BEGIN and
* USER CODE END. Other portions of this file, whether
* inserted by the user or by software development tools
* are owned by their respective copyright owners.
*
* COPYRIGHT(c) 2018 STMicroelectronics
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32l4xx_hal.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
DAC_HandleTypeDef hdac1;
TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2;
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_DAC1_Init(void);
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void write(uint32_t a);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance==TIM2)
{
uint32_t counter=__HAL_TIM_GetCounter(&htim2);
write(counter);
}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
*
* @retval None
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_DAC1_Init();
MX_TIM2_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_MSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIState = RCC_MSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSICalibrationValue = 0;
RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIClockRange = RCC_MSIRANGE_6;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_MSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 16;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV7;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
/**Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
if (HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
/**Configure the Systick interrupt time
*/
HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);
/**Configure the Systick
*/
HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);
/* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);
}
/* DAC1 init function */
static void MX_DAC1_Init(void)
{
DAC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig;
/**DAC Initialization
*/
hdac1.Instance = DAC1;
if (HAL_DAC_Init(&hdac1) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
/**DAC channel OUT1 config
*/
sConfig.DAC_SampleAndHold = DAC_SAMPLEANDHOLD_DISABLE;
sConfig.DAC_Trigger = DAC_TRIGGER_NONE;
sConfig.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OUTPUTBUFFER_ENABLE;
sConfig.DAC_ConnectOnChipPeripheral = DAC_CHIPCONNECT_DISABLE;
sConfig.DAC_UserTrimming = DAC_TRIMMING_FACTORY;
if (HAL_DAC_ConfigChannel(&hdac1, &sConfig, DAC_CHANNEL_1) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
}
/* TIM2 init function */
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig;
TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig;
htim2.Instance = TIM2;
htim2.Init.Prescaler = 4;
htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
htim2.Init.Period = 0xFF;
htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
}
/** Configure pins as
* Analog
* Input
* Output
* EVENT_OUT
* EXTI
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(D7_GPIO_Port, D7_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, D3_Pin|D6_Pin|D5_Pin|D4_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, D1_Pin|D0_Pin|D2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pin : D7_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = D7_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(D7_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/*Configure GPIO pins : D3_Pin D6_Pin D5_Pin D4_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = D3_Pin|D6_Pin|D5_Pin|D4_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/*Configure GPIO pins : D1_Pin D0_Pin D2_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = D1_Pin|D0_Pin|D2_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void write(uint32_t a){
// Pin D0
if(((a) & (1<<(0)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D1
if(((a) & (1<<(1)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D2
if(((a) & (1<<(2)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D3
if(((a) & (1<<(3)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D4
if(((a) & (1<<(4)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D5
if(((a) & (1<<(5)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
//Pin D6
if(((a) & (1<<(6)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Pin D7
if(((a) & (1<<(7)))==1)
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_14, GPIO_PIN_SET);
else
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_14, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @param file: The file name as string.
* @param line: The line in file as a number.
* @retval None
*/
void _Error_Handler(char *file, int line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
while(1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
