# Impedance magnitude and phase error - Mathematical formula

Today I read a paper on which there are the terms magnitude error and phase error relative to a comparison between measurements performed with a biosensor and with a benchtop electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tool.

Maybe it means that:

$$magnitude \,\,\, error = \mid \mid Z_{tool} \mid - \mid Z_{biosensor} \mid \mid$$

$$phase \,\,\, error = \mid \angle Z_{tool} - \angle Z_{biosensor} \mid$$

?

Thank you so much for your time.

• There is no definitive answer to this and although your question uses electronic terms it might as well be measurements made by a ruler on a piece of string and you asking what an author might mean by some measurement error. Ask the author. Voting to close. – Andy aka Sep 1 '18 at 8:48
• Hello @Andyaka, I tried to contact the author many times, he's not answering. – Gennaro Arguzzi Sep 1 '18 at 8:51
• I know the feeling. I asked someone on this question if they were satisfied with my answer but got no reply. – Andy aka Sep 1 '18 at 9:00
• @Andyaka I'm so sorry, I forgot to reply to your good answer. – Gennaro Arguzzi Sep 1 '18 at 9:02
• That's OK, I was trying to inject a little irony and humour but seriously, unless you expect the author of the document in this question walk these EE boards then you are unlikely to get an answer to this question. – Andy aka Sep 1 '18 at 9:04