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On this wikipedia page, there is an example of a circuit which implements a D latch using NAND gates :

enter image description here Let's say the flip flop is initialized correctly (eg : Q = 0 and !Q = 1).

If D = 1 and E = 0, the right part (which is, AFAIK, a SR latch) will have S = 1 and R = 1 (which will maintain state as expected).


Let's say E goes to 1.

S will become 0. If the gate at the bottom left would update at the exact same time, R will be 1 (which is what we want, the SR gate should now output a "1").

However, what happen is that bottom left gate will only update slightly later. Because of that, the right part will have S = 0 and R = 0 for a very short time (which is a forbidden state). Is this OK ?

So to me, there is possibility of a race condition. I might be missing something, that is why I'm I am asking here.

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The situation you describe is not a problem, because after that "very short time" the R and S inputs will be valid. It is possible that both of the latch outputs will have the same value for a short period of time, but that is always a possibility during the time when the latch is changing state. However, the final state of the latch is deterministic and not dependent on the gate delays so there is no race condition.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ This is true assuming E stays high until the transient events have completed. If E glitches high for a very short time, the result may be undetermined. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Aug 14, 2019 at 14:23
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There is not a race condition when E goes high. There can be a short time when S and R are both low (when D transitions from 0 to 1), but this will quickly self correct.

There is a possible race condition on when E goes low. If D toggles slightly before E goes low, then there is a chance S and R will briefly be both 0 then both 1. D needs to be stable long enough for it change to propagate to Q and Qbar before lowering E. E also has a minimum pulse-width requirement.

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