# Counter Circuit starts from wrong number in Logisim

I'm trying to design a synchronous counter using J-K, T and D flip flop. It should count as "1, 3, 0, 2, 7" and 1 respectively.

Everything works fine, i designed flip-flop tables and input-outputs etc. but it starts from 0 and goes like 2, 7, 1, 3 and 0 respectively. I'm trying to find out my error but i just couldn't realize the error.

• You can answer your own question and accept it so that you can close this.
– user103380
Dec 26 '19 at 22:35
• @KingDuken I thought i fixed but it doesn't still work. I have been trying to understand since 3 hours :( Dec 26 '19 at 22:54
• So you need to edit your question to give an update of what you did differently :)
– user103380
Dec 26 '19 at 22:59
• So the count sequence is right, but it doesn't start at 1 as you want? Maybe this is tied up in how your simulator initializes flip flops. Dec 26 '19 at 23:04
• @HasanMuzak How could it NOT start at zero? You are using the Q outputs of each and they reset to 0. So it is going to start at 0. If you want it to start at 1, then use the $\overline{Q}$ output for one of the FFs.
– jonk
Dec 27 '19 at 3:07

I understand you want to power-up with 1 (0b001) as the initial output. There is more than one way to do this, but probably the easiest for me to explain here is to configure your J-K flip-flop as a toggle type (TFF), just as you appear to do in your schematic. (I'll also include the DFF table, because it appears you are supposed to use one.)

Here's the table:

$$\begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} \text{State} & \text{Next} & \text{TFF}& \text{DFF}\\\\ {\begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{cccc} Q_C & Q_B & \overline{Q_A}\\\\ 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 0&0&0\\ 0&1&0\\ 1&1&1\\\\ 1&0&0\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}} & {\begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{cccc} Q_C & Q_B & \overline{Q_A}\\\\ 0&1&1\\ 0&0&0\\ 0&1&0\\ 1&1&1\\ 0&0&1\\\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}} & {\begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{cccc} T_C & T_B & T_A\\\\ 0&1&0\\ 0&1&1\\ 0&1&0\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0\\\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x\\ \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}} & {\begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{cccc} D_C & D_B & D_A\\\\ 0&1&0\\ 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&1&0\\ 0&0&0\\\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x\\ x&x&x\\ \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}} \end{array}$$

The above table should be pretty easy to follow. The left column just shows the current state of your TFF outputs. The next column show you the next state that you want. The third column shows you which of the FF will need to be toggled (0 in the positions where there is no change in the bit value and 1 in the positions where there is a change.) The fourth column is really just a copy of the second column, except that the $$\Q_\text{A}\$$ isn't inverted.

There are then three TFF K-map tables drawn from the third column above:

$$\begin{array}{rl} \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} T_C&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&0&0&1&0\\ Q_C&x&x&x&1 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix} & \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} T_B&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&1&1&0&1\\ Q_C&x&x&x&1 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}\\\\ \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} T_A&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&0&0&1&1\\ Q_C&x&x&x&0 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix} \end{array}$$

There are also three DFF K-map tables drawn from the last column above:

$$\begin{array}{rl} \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} D_C&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&0&0&1&0\\ Q_C&x&x&x&0 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix} & \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} D_B&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&1&1&1&0\\ Q_C&x&x&x&0 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix}\\\\ \begin{smallmatrix}\begin{array}{r|cccc} D_A&\overline{Q_B}\:\overline{Q_A}&\overline{Q_B}\: Q_A&Q_B \:Q_A&Q_B \:\overline{Q_A}\\ \hline \overline{Q_C}&0&1&0&1\\ Q_C&x&x&x&0 \end{array}\end{smallmatrix} \end{array}$$

Just skimming over the above tables, I'd use the DFF for the high order bit and use the JK and the TFF for the lower two order bits (doesn't matter which is which, since the JK is operated as a TFF, anyway.)

You'll need two AND gates and one NOT gate to get it done if you follow the above advice.

As it appears you have succeeded, here's the schematic I might try:

• Gosh, thank you so much sir! It helped me alot and i hope other students will make use of this information! Dec 27 '19 at 9:18
• @Hazan Just spend enough time to let the process sink in deeply. That will be more than enough thanks.
– jonk
Dec 27 '19 at 9:47