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enter image description here

I can't understand why the Resistance R1 and R2 are used in this circuit and why is the ground at position A fixed?

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Those are so you can measure the current through the two paths.

One path is the recirculating current through D1, R2, L1, R3 (and C2).

The other path is DC, M1, R1, R2, L1, R3 (and C2).

enter image description here

The point of putting the ground reference symbol at point A, is so that you are measuring the voltage across R1 or R2 directly, and that gives you the current via Ohms law.
It is only a reference point for those measurements, and in no way affects how the circuit operates.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ Just asking, why did you put a black border around the image? \$\endgroup\$ – Ferrybig Dec 10 '20 at 8:18
  • \$\begingroup\$ @Ferrybig it was an artifact of copy/paste, not intentional. \$\endgroup\$ – Aaron Dec 10 '20 at 17:12

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