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We use S parameters to analyze a PCB channel. Once the S parameters are extracted, what I have seen is SI engineers will check the S parameters obtained are passive and casual.
I have some questions about it.
A PCB channel consists of copper traces. The trace has some resistance, capacitance and inductance. May I know in any case will this trace become an active element.
Will this channel become non-causal at any time.
Such a channel will always be passive and causal (not casual).
What they are checking for is not that the channel is passive/causal, they know that, it's that the measurements of the channel show it to be passive/causal.
A measurement showing it to be otherwise would demonstrate that the measurement was wrong.
