Questions tagged [bit-rate]
Questions relating to the rate at which bits are transmitted over a channel (wired or wireless). Usually specified in bits/s or a multiple of that unit. Related but not the same as baud rate or symbol rate.
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Enough about bits, bytes in book language. I want to know what a bit is in general. Electricity? [closed]
It has been 4 years I am familiar with bits, bytes and true false, on off situation. What are bits in general? Are they electricity? When we say bits per second, are we talking about the speed of ...
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Why is the frequency response of an LED important?
I'm working on visible light communication where I fabricate my own organic LEDs. One of the ways to characterize them is "small signal analysis." I understand we are applying this analysis ...
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Digital signals - multiplication of Bits ( number of bits ) - How to do it? ( binary bits ) [closed]
Let us say I have a number with p bits:
x = [___...___] >> p Bits.
and I want to multiply it by another p bits.
will I receive:
...
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CAN Bus acknowledge error
I'm seeing signals from my CAN bus that look like good messages, but then I receive an "incomplete packet" error after the full/almost full message has been sent.
I've viewed this on my ...
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Maximum bit rate over a communication channel
Shannon formula C= B log (1+S/N)
Is this formula applied for baseband transmission only? or for both baseband and passband modulation? Can we apply it without any changes to any modulated signal? What ...
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How Ethernet uses full bandwidth of the link if one host is sending more than one frame for different hosts? [closed]
I followed from this question.
We know that modern Ethernet is full-duplex. At the same time, we can send or receive the signal. Suppose I consider one LAN where multiple hosts are connected by ...
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Baseband uses full bandwidth of the entire link or portion of the bandwidth?
We know that modern Ethernet is full-duplex. At the same time we can send Or receive the signal. Suppose I consider one Lan where multiple hosts are connected by different ports of switch.
Let's take ...
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Why baseband uses full bandwidth of the signal where broadband uses portion of the bandwidth? [closed]
We know that broadband signal is full-duplex, for example television cable line where all TV channel is used portion of bandwidth not full bandwidth. And modern baseband is also full duplex but all ...
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Real-world CQI-to-MCS and SNR-to-CQI tables?
How can I get real-world CQI-to-MCS and SNR-to-CQI tables? I am particularly looking for 5G-NR or LTE-A related tables.
Can someone share any references?
Edit: I had found one table for CQI-MCS ...
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Quick question regarding CANbus wiring
New to CANbus and just wondering about something. I want two nodes connected with CANbus. They have different MCU, transceivers and so on. Question is, can I just connect these on the same wire? (see ...
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Bandwidth of a pulse code modulation system
Original test question:
24 telephone channels, each bandlimited to 3.4kHz are to be time division multiplexed by using pulse code modulation. Calculate the bandwidth of pulse code modulation system ...
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Feasible digital bit rate in SSB
Decades ago, I worked on a suppressed-carrier SSB transceiver with a carrier frequency of 8.8 KHz. The bandwidth was sufficient for speech communication, comprehensible but not high-quality.
For a ...
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Expected SDRAM access speeds?
I would like to get an idea of how fast SDRAM accesses should be.
If I have a 32-bit ARM based processor running at 500MHz accessing an SDR sdram device clocked at 166MHz, what sort of read/write ...
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What is the meaning of "longer electrical length = more wavelengths"?
Reading a Keysight-note, not sure what is the following selected line means?
I read and understood the meaning of electrical length, how it is related to bit in flight and wavelength is not clear.
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Why does higher bitrate requires higher bandwith?
I try to understand this question since a while and I think I came to an understanding. But I need someone to confirm it.
At first, I thought the bitrate was dependent on the frequency (more sines per ...
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What is the difference between link rate and pixel rate in Display Port?
I was going through the Display Port Specification. I came across the below para:
"1.7.1 Make-up of the Main Link
The Main Link consists of one, two or four AC-coupled, doubly terminated ...
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Leaky Bucket Example
I have an image below of a leaky bucket image that I am trying to understand for my telecommunications class, and I was hoping for some guidance/verification if my train of thought is on the right ...
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Why is my 8-bit counter only counting until 127?
I recently coded an 8-bit counter in Libero and simulated it in ModelSim using Verilog. When I simulated my design, it only went up to 127. Shouldn't an 8-bit counter go up to 255?
Here is my HDL Code:...
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Ambiguity about concept of baud rate and bit rate
I know that there is lots of questions and answers that is related to this topic, but i can not clearly and distinctively find answers to my questions, yet. In addition i found some answers which ...
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What effect does having 'measured' as a parameter in additive white gaussian noise?
I'm comparing the bit error rate of various modulation schemes with additive white gaussian noise in MATLAB.
There's the option to have this noise using 'measured' which measures the power of a ...
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Why is BER higher for binary modulation compared to quaternary?
I came across this image in my notes and I fail to understand why BER seems to decrease as the modulation order increases and I was hoping for an answer
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ramp-up "guard" time (data receiver)
I have looked at multiple datasheets of multiple radio modules including one I'm using (HM-TRP) and none of them specify a ramp-up or a ramp-down time. According to research, this is known as the ...
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Relation data-rate and bit-rate of ADC
I came accross the folowing question, where the accepted answer contains a formula showing the relation between bit-rate and data-rate for a delta sigma ADC. My question is, why that relation is valid....
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How does Nyquist bit rate formula relate Bandwidth, Signal Rate, and Bit Rate?
I know what each of Bandwidth, Signal rate, and Bit rate mean. But I am having trouble in their mathematical relationship with each other. I will use the notation of the textbook I am reading from (...
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sampling rate and bit resolution for Scanning Probe Microscopy
I am trying to compare two products and see which one offers higher performance in terms of sampling rate and bit resolution.
Below are the specs I was able to gather from product1 and product 2. (...
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THINNET 10BASE2 Network using RG-58 Coaxial Cable operating frequecy?
I am trying to figure out what the signal frequency of a 10BASE2 network is. Specifically the frequency of the signal being carried over coaxial cable. Data transfer is 10Mbps and the network adapters ...
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MSP430 Baud Rate Generation: Datasheet Discrepancy
My project is based around the MSP430F5529. From the MSP430x5xx family user guide:
NOTE: Baud-rate settings quick set up
To calculate the correct the correct settings for the baud-rate ...
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CAN bus - bit timing
I am trying to work with a Microchip MCP2515 CAN Controller (16 MHz oscillator) alongside a MCP2551/61 CAN transceiver. I have been successful trying to setup the device via SPI, but I am unable ...
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Bandwidth (Data rate) of a laser beam when no datasheet exists for the module
I ordered a large number of laser modules that look like the following:
When inspecting mine with a basic multimeter, I noticed a 90 ohm smd resistor is fitted on the module. I see no other ...
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Schmitt trigger inverters or regular inverters for clean high speed data processing
I made a circuit in which data is passed in from phototransistors (part# PT334-6C) into a microcontroller (part# AT89C4051) serial port via schmitt trigger inverters (part# 74HC14) and a demultiplexer ...
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Connecting mixed-speed multiple serial devices to two microcontrollers
I'm trying to figure out the best way to integrate all devices flawlessly on the 8051 based microcontrollers. If each device was the same low speed, then I could multiplex each and every one of them ...
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Serial baud calculation without using serial interrupt - 8051
Here's the situation.
I have a project which utilizes multiple sensors and connects to another unit through standard UART (8N1).
Because no data needs to be missed from any device, I made the ...
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calculating maximum sense speed of amplified phototransistor circuit
I made the following photo-transistor circuit to sense light with the exact parts shown. Resistors are 5% tolerance 1/4 watt. The circuit does work, but what I would like to know is how do I calculate ...
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8051 baud rate calculator using 16-bit timer for software UART timing
I'm making a project in which pulsed laser beam data is sensed through many optical sensors (one sensor per port pin), so essentially, I'm going to be making 4 UARTs to sense this.
Currently I am ...
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UART bit-rate vs frequency fundamentals
I am analysing some requirements regarding the sampling to be performed on a UART.
There is information provided however I am slightly confused by it and would like some clarification:
"The UART ...
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How does widening the frequency band allows us to make faster pulses in a radio link?
I’m new to radio communication and completely ignorant in the topic. I spent some time writing software which includes calculation of the channel capacity (in bits/second or symbols/second or bauds) ...
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Is there a fieldbus with more than 250 nodes per segment?
We plan to realize a sensor cable several 1000m long which has ideally every 1-2m a magnetic field sensor on a small 10x30mm platine with microprocessor/FPGA for DSP and I2C on chip communication. ...
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Half-duplex Bit-Banged Port for 8051 microcontrollers too slow?
I was looking at: https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/app-notes/index.mvp/id/3524 and it claims that one can achieve over 2mbps on a 32Mhz clock when bit-banging with an 8051. That means 1mbps on 16Mhz....
user152879
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What is the minimum freqeuncy required to transmit 2400 bits per second? [closed]
Yes we can use diiferent symbols and modulation sechemes for example QAM ,DPSK,QPSK etc... you can use any modulation secheme. What will be or can be the minimum frequency to transmit information ...
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UART speed limitation factors? [duplicate]
I want to ask about using UART to send data from uC to PC. So I have some questions.
I wonder what is the maximum of the UART bit rate?
What factors affect the UART speed? For example does using DMA ...
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How to calculate bit time of any signal?
Given a data rate or clock rate, how to calculate bit time of any signal/interface?
As per what I know, bit time = 1/data rate. Is it correct?
I got a little confused when I could not calculate the ...
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Baud to bit mapping for the UART?
Before starting the question, a reminder of the difference between on how a baud rate and a bit rate relate.
Two people are standing 1km apart and they want to exchange a 8 bits of
data. ...
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How can I be sure that a multi-bit-per-symbol encoding schema exists?
(I came up with this question when I try to understand bit rate and baud rate.)
Suppose I have some data to transfer. And the data is binary encoded as a data amount of N bits.
If I use 2 symbols to ...
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How to calculate the data rate of LoRa?
Picture below is from this web, how to calculate the data rate ? For example, how much kbps is Bw125Cr48Sf4096 ?
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MCP4131 with 8 - bit
I am using MCP4131 with 7 - bit ( 0 - 127 ). Datasheet said that, it can work bit 7 and 8 bit and i definetly need to use it with 8 bit ( 0 - 255 ). Here is my code below;
...
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measuring the BER for various input data rate over a custom made channel
I have a wireless channel, for which I need to pass binary bits and input and measure the BER at the output.
The problem for me here is varying the data rate at the input.
How can I represent the ...
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Using HC05 Bluetooth SerialPort to stream music/voice via Arduino
I'm considering streaming music/voice over Bluetooth serial link (via HC05) from PC to Arduino. By doing this, there would be no need for a SD card. Here is the questions I have.
Any help is ...
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SPI : How calculate baud rate through clock and bit rates [closed]
i have a question.when i work with spi at stm32f4.when config Baudrates.it shows 76KBits/s. Is that the Bit rate.And with my clock is 10MHZ .how can i calculate my Baudrates.(Frame fomat: Motorola. ...
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What does ECLK rate mean?
I'm reading a spec doc on some CPU and I didn't get what does this mean:
The CPU core requires only a single clock input at the ECLK rate
What does ECLK abbreviation stand for?
What does ECLK rate ...
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How to measure the actual bits of data transfer over a USB cable? [closed]
EDIT 1
I am doing an investigation and I have to do an experiment and write a report based on different USB speeds.
Edit 2
To explain my investigation again, I am trying to measure the rate of data ...
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