Questions tagged [communication]
Exchange of information between devices. Communication can be wired or wireless.
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Need advice on achieving 1 km non-line-of-sight wireless communication without internet
I'm currently working on a project that involves establishing a reliable non-line-of-sight wireless communication link with a range of 1 kilometer or more. The project does not have internet access, ...
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What is the communication protocol used by non-expansion card USB ports to communicate with CPU?
USB ports can come as expansion cards, like this:
Now obviously, since this is a PCIe USB card, the communication protocol used by this expansion card to communicate with CPU is PCIe.
But what about ...
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How were standard serial port baud rates chosen?
How were standard serial port baud rates chosen? 1200, 9600, 115200, aren't the numbers we'd expect (powers of 2 or 10), but don't seem random either.
Wikipedia states
Many of these standard modem ...
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How can I make a basic BlueTooth communication between a cellphone and MXCHIP EMC3080-P module?
I'm trying to use the EMC3080-P module from MXCHIP, because it's used in some applications from ST, the company where I had the microcontroller I'm using (for example, the B-U585I-IOT02A discovery kit ...
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PIC16F UART Receives only the first byte
I'm currently working on a PIC16F18855, I'm trying to set up the communication part.
My setup is as follows:
A PCB connected to my computer via a TTL232 cable.
The PIC16F18855 is clocked at 32Mhz, the ...
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What is the term for a code that has duplicate or redundant/equivalent symbols?
I'm having a hard time performing a literature search because I can't find the right search terms.
I'm looking for what you name a code over some alphabet that treats multiple symbols equivalently. E....
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What is 3 wire I2C?
This is first time I'm seeing 3 wire I2C and have no idea how it works. How can I implement it in STM32 in Cube IDE using its GUI?
I'm using TI TPS23881 (PSE controller) in one of my projects and I ...
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How can I find which serial port is connected to Nucleo board via ST-LINK?
I have a Nucleo board connected via USB to ST-Link running on Ubuntu Linux. ST-Link works well in that it can program the board. I would like to use the built in virtual serial port, but am not sure ...
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Understanding the Trade-offs Between Hardware and Software Implementations for Communication Protocols in Embedded Systems [closed]
I am currently learning about embedded systems and am keen to understand the trade-offs between using dedicated hardware blocks and software implementations for communication protocols like UART, SPI, ...
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Trouble to receive data from RS485 encoder in TM4C1294
I am trying to read data from an absolute RS485 encoder Single turn "eCoder-20S". The controller is EK-TM4C1294 launchpad. I am using SN75716AP for converting RS485 to UART conversion.
The ...
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Understanding ISO-TP, Flow Control and Blocksize
I am currently trying to understand can communication using the ISO 15765-2 (ISO-TP) and Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) Protocols using can.
At this point I have a question about the Flow Control ...
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Ladder Logic - Recognizing Pattern Failures
(First Post Here)
Something I want to look into adding to a production process is being able to recognize the same failure (that's in a pattern) and having the machine give an alarm once it sees the ...
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I2C data held low and clock held high
We are having issues with the I2C communication on our I2C bus and it seems like one of the INA233s on the bus is causing the issue. We are using the INA233s as current and power monitors. We use ...
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Connect two peripherals on the same SPI bus with RP2040
I'm using a RP2040 for a personal project.
I'm already using the SPI0 with GPIO 3 to 6, and SPI1 with GPIO 11 to 14. Is it possible to use the SPI0 with GPIO 16 to 19 at the same time with another ...
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UART vs Debug UART vs Auxiliary UART Interface
I am using Quectel EC200U in my design. This module contains three UART interfaces. The description is given below.
The module provides three UART interfaces:
The 1) main UART interface, the 2) debug ...
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How to communicate with RS-422 device? [closed]
I am trying to connect one Airmar EchoRange Plus Sonar sensor to my PC.
How should I go about it? (Since I am new to electronics I have this basic doubt, pardon me for that in advance).
The sensor ...
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Can Bandwidth be Traded Off with SNR in Analog Modulation?
With typical linear digital modulation schemes, we can, for a given bit rate, make a trade-off between modulation bandwidth and modulation order (effectively, how close the constellation points are).
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Pico / FT232H FIFO bad data
So. I've been trying for several days to get parallel data transfer from a Raspberry Pico through a FT232H to a host computer. I'd like ~25MB/s, which is why I'm trying this route in the first place....
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Is digital signal transmission different from square wave?
I am just getting into signal processing and am having trouble understanding where generating square-waves by means of harmonics is useful.
Digital signal transmission can be achieved by changing ...
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What component should I use to protect reverse signal for another CAN device?
I am doing some can bus communication using WCMCU-230 and ESP32, I connect two CAN BUS devices with different CAN BUS addresses, so I join the cable directly, and it's working fine with CAN BUS Device-...
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STM32 Serial Communication Problem
I am trying to use, TX RX communication with STM32. But my code does not work clearly. Can you help me to improve the code?
Firstly I could not decide which interrupt function I should use (...
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PCIe Data Transfer Rate vs Fundamental Frequency
The PCIe Gen 3 standard states that the link works at 8GT/s, while the fundamental frequency of the LVDS signals is maximum 4GHz. To my understanding PCIe doesn't use any sort of DDR technology, so ...
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How do you find Image Rejection Ratio from doing FFT on ADC samples?
I'm trying to understand a particular code written by a former employee for measuring performance of an RX chain in a transceiver. I have to measure IRR(Image Rejection Ratio).
Certain input RF ...
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What is meant by 5G NR "Physical" layer?
I am rote-learning 5G NR concepts for a job interview. In 5G NR, we have something called a Physical layer. Wikipedia defines physical layer as:
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Problem with SIM800L
I used a module SIM800L in my project. for power supply , I used LM2596 that is regulated on
4.2 volt.
Module connected perfectly and i tested sending "SMS" successfully.
but after ...
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RF circuit: How do I calculate the power of signal?
I have the following schematic of a RF circuit with helical antenna of 5 turns which I'm analysing
For simplification, I replaced the antenna with an equivalent resistor of 140 Ω as in the below ...
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I2C issue communicating with an analog to digital converter mux ADS1015 through TCA9548A I2C multiplexor
I am using a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 to talk through a TCA9548A to multiple ADS1015, each ADS1015 is on a separate SDA/SCL channel of the TCA9548A. I am able to scan all channels and see the active ...
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Issues with I2C from MCP23017on Arduino
I am trying to use the MCP23017 expander chip with a Metro Mini by Adafruit (pinout below) and I can't get the microcontroller to connect reliably via I2C.
update
I connected the RESET pin to 5V and ...
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How to write to a write to ADS1015 through TCA9548A connected to I2C multiplexor and trying to talk to a analog to digital multiplexor?
I am using a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 to talk through a TCA9548A to multiple ADS1015, each ADS1015 is on a separate SDA/SCL channel of the TCA9548A. I am able to scan all channels and see the active ...
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I2C returning ACK irregularly on PMBUS device
I am implementing PMBus (variation of SMBus and I2C) communication using a Raspberry Pi 4B+ (RPi) as the master.
I am having issues with the slave power supply (PSU) irregularly answering the ...
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I2C Data Line Holding Low for 10 Seconds
I am currently working on a device that has a total of 20 I2C devices connected to it. This includes 4 ADS1115 modules, 3 MCP23017 GPIO extenders, 4 NAU7802 weight scale modules with a TCA9548A ...
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What are SAMPCON and SHI?
The paper " The design of analog signal communication system based on visible light ", Z.N. Zhang and H.Y.Y Hua., describes a communication system using VLC technology.
There is this part ...
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Increase speed to 9600-19200 in optical communication circuit
The circuit in the picture is the optical communication circuit of the RX. Currently, its maximum speed of communication is 2400. I want to increase the speed to 9600-19200. I have lowered the ...
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Frequency Range VI(Labview)
I tried to understand what "Frequency range vi" consists. But I didn't understand.
From Reference Article(doi:10.15199/48.2021.11.10): No.1 shows the block diagrams of fixed-point data ...
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Analyzing the complexity of a number in the Arduino IDE
I'm working on a project where I'm linking a calculator (TI-84) to an Arduino (Nano) and I want some way of classifying or quantifying how complex a single number is (small whole numbers being very ...
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Solving an exercise of superheterodyne receiver with high IF frequency
I've been struggling with this problem for several hours. I have a high IF superheterodyne receiver. The input frequency can vary from 9kHz to 3GHz. I need to calculate the minimum intermediate ...
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ESP32 TWAI/CANBus bus errors cause bus off state
I have multiple devices using ESP32-WROOM-32E and TWAI (CAN). There was an issue where they would have bus errors and then fail to recover via twai_initiate_recovery(). I solved the recovery issue by ...
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Seeking a (simple-to-use) solution for communication over 12V DC power lines [closed]
I am working on a project that involves communication over a 12V DC (2A) power line using a two-wire cable. I would like to transmit data over the same cable and am looking for a simple-to-use IC or ...
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Replacing wires using earth in circuits
I am reading the book "Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software", on page-36, the following replacement for a wire in a circuit for communicating in morse between people ...
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Vector network analyzer and an Arduino
Can you give an advice how to improve this? I want to combine a VNA with an Arduino in an RF anechoic chamber. The position contol will be performed by the Arduino.
Reference article
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Why does the frequency deviation of a FM wave have different definitions?
Source 1 defines the modulation index in the expression for FM as follows:
As per the expression for frequency modulated wave, isn't the frequency deviation same as Modulation index 'M'?
"The ...
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What causes the trough of a sine wave to become sharp?
I am using a white LED to send a 5 V p-p: +2.5 V to +7.5 V, DC offset of 5 V, sine wave of frequency 1 kHz as shown in the transmitter circuit. The current generated by the photodiode is converted to ...
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Is there a way to use any communication without a CPU?
I am looking for a way to communicate without using a CPU on one side of the communication.
For more details, I have many cards that need to communicate with one main card on which there is a CPU. ...
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Why does the amplitude of my output signal increase when I increase frequency of the input signal?
The signal generator outputs a sine wave into an LED which emits light onto a photodiode. The photodiode is connected in a TIA circuit and then the output is displayed on an oscilloscope.
The ...
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Why the increase of the Spreading Factor (SF) by one, in the LoRa modulation, results in doubling of the transmission time of a symbol (T_symbol)?
Recently, I have been reading about the LoRa modulation and I am curious, why the symbol transmission time (T_symbol) doubles, if the Spreading Factor (SF) is increased by one.
The SF is equal to the ...
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Do multiple USB 1.1 devices on a bus require a hub?
Can I simply attach multiple USB1.1 slave devices to a bus like I can with I2C (config A), or does the spec require a USB hub IC (config B)? Power in this application will come from a separate bus.
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Unable to clear faults on Monoblock via RS232 command: Need help decoding serial messages with Arduino
I recently purchased an XRB160PN192 Monoblock with a known fault of high voltage (HV) for a low price to use in my graduation project. After reading the user manual, I found that the HV error, along ...
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Why does a simple BLDC motor circuit need CAN communication?
I was looking at this open source BLDC motor circuit, and I noticed it had a CAN bus transceiver apart of the circuit. I don't understand why this circuit would need a CAN bus transceiver? Does this ...
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What would happen if the data sending speed of the MOSI line (from the master) is too high for the slave in the Serial Peripheral Interface?
After searching on internet, I think this is called back pressure, but I couldn't find a good explanation. It would be really helpful if you could explain it by making a waveform.
Thanks in advance
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Modbus ASCII messages delimiter
I need to implement Modbus messages reception over UART. For RTU it's easy because UART on my uC has configurable idle receive line detection. However, for ASCII the task is tricky - the delimiter is ...
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