Questions tagged [design]
The process of creating electronic products, including components and end-user devices.
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How can I connect a 1-phase, 220-volt motor to a timer and relay switch to alternate between two power sources at set times?
The Motor is a 2-Pole 20A Well Pump that is feeding 2 Properties. This is a residential 120/240V project. The Goal of this is to set up so that we can make it so that each house pays for half of the ...
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Taking into consideration the information provided, would the motor output the intended power?
Well, I'm not an electrical engineer and I'm trying to design a direct drive axial flux brushless torque motor with 300 kW with little weight as possible.
I'm never going to actually build it because ...
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What is that black border around the edges of the metal base of a laptop keyboard? [migrated]
On literally every notebook keyboard I've ever taken apart for cleaning and/or repair, I've seen this black border on the front side of the metal plate, just under the membrane layer. Quite difficult ...
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Small antenna radiation efficiency and bandwidh trade-off
Theoretical part:
Small antenna radiation efficiency (RE) and bandwidth (BW) trade-off
When designing small antennas, there is a well-known trade-off between RE and BW. This trade-off arises due to ...
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Need help designing a 27 MHz antenna
I am brand new to StackExchange and I was wondering how should I design an 27 MHz antenna for my DIY 27 MHz transmitter.
Unfortunately, the height of 1/4 wavelength antenna doesn't come into the ...
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Logic behind the ATX power switch
I am designing an ATX-style motherboard. I have been messing with the 6502 processor, made a working computer, and now want to challenge myself with designing a 6502-based ATX-compatible board.
I'm ...
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Can someone explain the working principle of this diagram?
In my opinion, during daytime because our battery is only 3V, the solar panel produces more voltage and because of voltage difference, voltage flows from solar panel to battery and there is no ...
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ESP32-WROOM-32UE cannot be powered and loaded with firmware
I designed a custom ESP32 board (schematic attached). I am using an ESP32-WROOM-32UE. My schematic is based on the ESP32-Devkitc-V4 board from Espressif (schematic attached).
When I connect the board ...
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How do digital watches steadily increment the internally stored time without fluctuations in speed while running other logic at the same time? [closed]
I'm not 100% sure if the right place to ask this is StackOverflow, Software Engineering, or here, but I'm going to guess here since this is related to hardware.
I was looking at my digital watch and ...
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Microstrip PCB Design
I am designing a microstrip PCB with frequencies ranging from 100MHz to 8GHz.
There are no significant issues at lower frequencies, but the signal loss becomes quite high as approaching 8GHz.
...
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18 V AC to 5 V DC circuit design with battery
I’ll start by saying I have little understanding of electronic circuits. I have an old door phone to which I have connected a wireless switch in order to be able to open my door with a remote control. ...
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How do i write my synopsis design constraint(sdc) for a generated clock with a variable frequency?
Here is what I got so far for my SDC:
create_clock -name clk -period 20 -waveform {1.7 19}
This is the part of my verilog code that derives a variable frequency ...
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Can a slanted magnetic field be created with this insulated stranded wire arrangement?
I am considering building a small-scale experimental coil gun because I have an idea of how a magnetized projectile could be rotated while it is traveling through the coil(s), similar to how a bullet ...
user301910
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Is a state machine with a register for return state a good design choice?
I want to design a state machine for one module that has to communicate with another module via a protocol.
Multiple states need might end up needing to communicate, State A, State B, State C. they ...
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Determine the transfer function for the Butterworth bandpass filter? (At the Transfer Function Factoring and Sp Substitution stage)
The Parameter
$$a_{pass} = - 1dB$$
$$a_{stop} = - 20dB$$
$$f_{pass1} = 10kHz$$
$$f_{pass2} = 30kHz$$
$$f_{stop1} = 5kHz$$
$$f_{stop2} = 60kHz$$
A. Approximate Low Pass Filter
Filter Ordo
$$n_B = 4.29$...
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What is the easiest way to turn 1 kV DC to 10 kV DC?
What is the simplest method for me to take quick 1 kV DC pulses, and turn them into 10 kV DC pulses or higher?
What might my circuit look like?
Edit to provide more detail: Water rolling down a short ...
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How to improve gain for CC-CE-CC amplifier
I'm trying to design my first amplifier; my configuration is CC-CE-CC. My Vcc is 10V and Ic for 3 transistors are 0.5mA.
When i designed this, i wanted the overall gain to be 50 times, ( and around 90%...
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What can be done with all of the extra address lines in a ROM? Why were they designed to have so few outputs compared to possible inputs?
I am a student in an introductory Digital Logic and Computer Systems course. We have been learning about ROMS, but often we just use them to basically just map truth tables onto them. We have been ...
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Single Source Boost Converter?
I'm trying to power a 5v microcontroller using a 3.6v rechargeable lithium cell.
My plan is to do this using a boost converter circuit. However, boost converters (at least from my rudimentary ...
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How to convert the winding of a radial electric motor to a linear tubular electric motor?
There are winding scheme/calculators and tutorials online for conventional electric motors, but I can't find any clear method of wind linear tubular electric motors.
For example, this is the winding ...
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Where do I stop the thick traces?
I am working on making a speed variator which also lets you invert the rotation of a motor. I have run into a few issues however. I don't know where to end the thick traces in my PCB design. This is ...
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Identifying monopole antenna with ground connected coil
I can’t find any information on what this design of antenna is called, it has a monopole wire connected to the signal pin of an SMA connector, the coil is connected to ground. The larger diameter ...
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Would tempered glass be a good material to use within this simple axial flux permanent magnet motor?
I am in the design phase of building a simple axial flux permanent motor, and I am wondering if I should use a piece of tempered glass as both an insulating material and as part of the motor's frame.
...
user301910
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I'm trying to create a clock. Rate my first schematic design
Hey guys, I'm a developer trying to learn PCB design and advanced hardware design and needed a place to start. I've designed a very basic clock with a Atmel Atmega328P-AU and from checking out some ...
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Parallel resistors with polarised capacitor
I have been trying to choose the input capacitors for an SMPS and have noticed resistors being used in parallel with the polarized capacitors.
Since these designs are for an 800 V system, I am ...
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How do I change minimum anular ring in vias for different layers in Altium?
I want to send my gerbers to a PCB manufacturer but its manufacturing capabilities force diferrent minimum anular ring for vias in different layers. For outer layers, its 0.13 mm and for internal ...
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Getting temperature dependence for a beta multiplier circuit
I am currently working on designing a beta multiplier voltage reference, and came across this paper.
I am slightly confused as to how they ended up with equation (6) after taking the derivative of (5) ...
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Best way to indicate a good ground connection?
I'm working with 120VAC, and I'd like to have an LED indicator light showing that there is a connection to ground (earth). Like the way a receptacle tester does.
I could connect the LED between hot ...
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Design of a 50 Hz step-up mini transformer
I am a first-year B.Tech student majoring in electrical and electronics engineering. Currently, I am working on designing a 500 W mini inverter.
I have addressed all aspects to reduce the inverter's ...
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HC-05 Bluetooth Module CircuitMaker
I am new to PCB design, and I am designing a circuit with a HC-05 Bluetooth module. I'm using Altium CircuitMaker and there are no symbols or models in there for a HC-05 Bluetooth module. Does anyone ...
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Simple switch for pneumatic cylinder
I am an automotive machinist and not at all electronics inclined.
I simply need a switch that turns on and off for a 5 port 2 position pneumatic solenoid valve
I simply need the pneumatic cylinder it ...
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Why is capacitance CdB calculated like this? (Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits- Behzad Razavi” book Chapter 6 Exercise 6.4)
I know formula CDB=CSB=WECj+2*（W+E）Cjsw. I know how to answer it. But, I don't know how the parameters are derived, not in Tables 2-1. I don't know how to solve the problem. Can you help me?
The ...
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Designing iron core shell type transformer
I would like to design a iron core transformer of shell-type design. I have experience with electronics, but have never built a transformer before and would like to start simple, but not so simple I ...
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20V Max Lithium Battery "Charge Maintainer"
I have a gadget that uses a 20V max, LiIon, DeWalt compatible battery. It's detached for charging. A DeWalt charger is used to fast charge the battery.
The gadget has a POE ethernet connection. I'...
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How to determine voltage level of the ultrasonic transducer?
I am designing the generator for an ultrasonic transducer for a cleaning system and I am not sure how to set the output voltage level.
I measured the voltage level of the existing products, peak ...
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Why do AVR microprocessors have two ways (paths) to access I/O ports?
I've an ATmega328P.
Register Summary Page 275 ATmega328P datasheet.
The first address is the I/O address, and the second is the data memory address.
I'm going to set all (D ports) Data Direction ...
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Fully isolate digital and analog sections to reduce EMI when driving DC loads with PWM. I2C data corruption
I am working on a mixed-domain portable secret project based on the venerable ATMEGA2560 that will essentially control 3 DC heaters using MOSFETs, communicate with an external controller via UART and ...
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How to amplify ultra high-frequency signal
I have found some schematics to amplify ≈100 MHz signal, but can't find a schematic for 2.4 GHz and higher, up to 5+ GHz. The main problem I face is that I can't find a transistor fast and powerful ...
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Why is the output voltage DC? How can I make the output sinusoid? [closed]
In my design for an opamp, the output voltage is a constant value when I think it should have been a sinusoid. What can I do?
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Automotive EPB switch design - why so complex?
The Land Rover Discovery 3 has an electric parking brake (EPB) - a geared motor and cable assembly that pulls the park brake pads in. This is far more effective than purely mechanical levers of old ...
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How do I communicate between a rotary and stationary part? (on a hobbyist level)
I'm trying to get into PCB design and I'm very new to all of this. I tried doing some research myself but couldn't find anything practical as it'd be too large/expensive. The thing I'm trying to make ...
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Can I use VSYS output on NPM1100 as input to another regulator?
After designing a power system around an NPM1100 PMIC, we noticed that as our lipo battery decreases to around 3.55 V, the regulation out 3.0 V starts to drop (see graph below). We do have a sensitive ...
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Why is the gain in a cascode current mirror controlled by M1 and M2 instead of M3 and M4?
I know from simulations, books, and teachers that the gain (Iout/Iin) of a cascode current mirror (shown in the picture below) is controlled by relation (W/L)_2 / (W/L)_1 instead of (W/L)_4 / (W/L)_3 ...
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Transformer magnetics design
In transformer design, can someone help me understand how the no load flux is relevant to the transformer efficiency? What design parameters put constraints on the maximum core flux? Let's suppose I ...
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Design a 12 V battery pack for portable electronics project [closed]
I am doing some electronic project for a portable escape room business that I am running with my wife, the project are basically running or Arduino to take some inputs and switch on a 12 V solenoid ...
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SSR with PCB design improvements
I have worked on this project of my own so I need to confirm that it will work
Its a simple SSR with max. current rating of 20A (normal use will be around 13A)
I use 40A TRIAC just for safe side(also ...
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What prevents this transistor based discrete logic gate design from having been used?
I am interested in building discrete logic gates as a teaching / learning tool to explore computer fundamentals. The easiest logic gate design I can come up with consists of the following:
It is ...
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First PCB design - remix of PCB I found already on the market with some 12V DC jacks - any advice?
I created my first PCB design - its a remix of PCB I found already on the market with some added 12 V DC jacks and XH-2A jack - this will only ever be used with 12 V up to 2 A - wondering if there are ...
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Design procedure for switched capacitor dc-dc converter
I am looking for some references to design a switched capacitor dc-dc converter, however I could hardly find any reference online.
I am aware that the design method depends on the actual topology of ...
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How do I use the TPS5403 DC-DC buck to get 3.3V output from a 5-15V input?
I am trying to use the TPS5403 (datasheet) buck converter to power an ESP32 at 3.3V from an input of 5-15V, however, I can't find enough resources online to be sure in my design.
Below, I have ...
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