Questions tagged [ground]
Ground or earth is the reference point in an electrical circuit from which other voltages are measured, or is a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth.
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How is a differential impedance of Ethernet signals maintained without a ground plane
There was a question I raised earlier over here where an app note suggested to have no ground plane underneath the area between the ethernet connector and magnetics.
So, in that case, how will the ...
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Is my understanding of electronic ground correct?
I was curious about why the pins on my Raspberry Pi didn't have a positive and negative pole, but positive and ground. I read about it on various web pages, but each article I read seemed to answer a ...
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Bouncing ground and voltage spikes (power supply and grounding issues)
I am having an issue with voltage spikes and bouncing ground in my circuit.
Circuit is powered with 12V DC power supply. I am have two DC-DC converters:
4V output (power module based on TPS54331) 3A ...
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Proper layout of GND
When designing my PCB, I noticed that all the Ground to the whole board, was passing only from a single point, which was also through a capacitor.
Is this considered bad designed, or is it negligible?...
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Kirchhoff's Law of Voltage and Kirchhoff's Law of Current [closed]
Take a look at the circuit image below. Calculate:
The current passing through each resistor and the sources of voltage and current (magnitude and direction).
Voltage at each resistor. Label V with ...
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Isolation of Input signal and supply [closed]
I have this op-amp like circuit. Where the input signal is an 70V High voltage signal and the power supply is 3.3V voltage signal to a MCU GPIO.
My question is how should I isolate the high voltage ...
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Under which circumstances should I wire together 2 different development boards' ground pins?
I have 2 stm32 nucleo boards. In one of them I configure a master SPI to send 10 bytes every 2 seconds, and the other has an SPI slave reading 10 bytes all the time. This 2 boards are connected to my ...
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Are these patches of copper pour useless?
I have a 2 layer PCB.
Bottom layer is ground plane (blue in images below), top layer is power and signal traces and the rest is ground pour (red in pictures below). Vias are connecting the bottom and ...
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How to detect leak or shortcircuit in electrical wires undeground?
Recently, the circuit breaker was triggered when I activated the electricity in a cable buried in my garden. Probably water entered into a junction or I nicked the line by accident...
The line is not ...
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Use earth as shield between high and low voltage on PCB
I have a PCB with both mains and low voltage.
The ground plane of the low voltage side is kept distant from mains (separation marked with a white silkscreen line), and separated with cutouts.
I am ...
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Monitoring ground mA current via voltage transformer [closed]
The TL;DR
Can a voltage transformer act as a milliamp current sensor? They resemble in structure.
Explanation
I want to build an approximate ground leak milli-ammeter (0.1-30 mA) for some appliance.
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EAGLE PCB GND Plane not properly connecting to through hole pins
So I submitted this board design to PCBWay to get prototypes, but they kicked it back to me saying that there are very thin wires throughout the board. Upon inspecting the pictures they sent back to ...
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Is there any disadvantage in making a ground plane and a power plane in a 4 layer PCB?
I have read a lot of posts, forums, and application notes about why it's a bad idea to separate ground or power in mixed analog and digital circuits, so I've made a 4 layer PCB with full GND and VCC ...
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Understanding the basics of a ground plane and vias to it on a 2 layer PCB
I'm trying to learn the process of PDB design. I believe I've succeeded at placing my components and drawing tracks to their pads, but am having trouble adding the ground plane and connections to it.
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What ground pad should be put on a PCB for testing?
When designing a PCB, it's common to place pads as test points. What about ground for test? Should I just place a pad connected to ground? The problem is that it's hard to manually hold probes to two ...
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How to correctly model a grounded short circuit?
Specifically, I'm thinking of something like this, except where we're not assuming the current source and wire have zero resistance and hence zero voltage:
(To be clear, I know that intentionally ...
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Why is there a voltage difference between these two grounds?
I just started studying robotics and we are taking a introductory class in electrics. We where supposed to perform the following task:
Wire up the breadboard in the following way:
Use a multimeter ...
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Connecting '-' terminal of the power supply to the earth GND
I've already asked a similar question in the past, but I want to make sure I understood things correctly.
Attached is the current lab setup for my chip testing. The green square represents the main ...
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Voltage doubler ground and USB
I have the following voltage doubler:
Taken from an answer in another post of mine.
This is to be used in an audio circuit, and the system will be connected to USB as well. Can the ground in this ...
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Ground topology in step-down converter diagrams
ST sometimes draws grounds in particular ways on its circuit diagrams. For example L5973AD datasheet, fig. 1. (L); Application Note 2823, fig. 5. (R).
What does it mean we should do on the PCB ...
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USB peripheral: connecting USB shield to GND?
I have read through many recommendations articles, and many StackExchange questions, but haven't come up with any clear understanding as there are many conflicting information out there. The simple ...
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18650 battery concurrency
I would like to build a small circuit with a photoresistor and relevant ICs that switches a larger circuit that enlights Leds utilizing about 1A from a 18650 5V power bank of new batteries. How safe ...
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High resistor connecting signal to ground
I am studying a schematics where the floating input signal (coming from J201)is connected to ground via a high resistor value (R200 1M) before going to an op-amp though a 1k reistor. What is the ...
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Different Ground reference
I plan on making my own BMS for a 12S battery pack, and I found TI's TIDA BMS board and decided to use it as a reference to gain some understanding on how to develop safety circuit for the board. ...
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Can COM and earth be connected thorough the PCB ground pin?
I'm using an AC/DC switching supply (Meanwell PD-45) with the following schematics:
The Frame Ground (FG) is connected to the metal chassis of my device with a screw. The output of the switching ...
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Chassis ground for DC power supply
Car jumpstarting is usually done according to this diagram:
What is the point of attaching the negative terminal of the donor to chassis ground instead of the negative terminal? How would that work ...
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How does a two prong to three prong power adapter get the extra ground pin? [closed]
In my understanding, the two prong adapter plug have hot and neutral wires but not ground wire. And the three prong adapter plug have hot neutral and ground wire. So how does the two prong to three ...
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Ground pour and stitching vias for long parallel tracks
I'm working with audio codecs, and I have to put a lot of them (32) on a PCB.
The fact that I have to connect so many ICs makes the board pretty big with very long tracks. I've read a lot about how to ...
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Do I connect grounds on a 4-pin MOSFET with kelvin source?
I have a 4-pin MOSFET with two source pins. One is for the driver source (the so called kelvin source) and one is for the power source (the normal one you'd find on any MOSFET).
I've got a driver to ...
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STM32WL55JC1 (lora module) is not sending or receiving
I am using 3 STM32WL55JC1. One for base station and the other two's for sensor node. Everything was fine but then I started UART communication between base station and ESP32. I started coding ESP32 so ...
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Proper shielding of a specific circuit
I have a PCB, that will now be put into a conductive enclosure (connected to PE).
The PCB has some power electronics (DC/DC converters, motor controller etc.), some communication interfaces (CAN etc.) ...
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Earth ground and DC
If I understand correctly, a DC circuit powered by a simple battery would not be affected in any way by an earth ground. By earth ground, I mean a copper wire attached to the ground through a long rod ...
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How does chassis ground apply in nonmetallic enclosures?
I am working on a PCB that uses a chassis ground, but I am not able to make a metal enclosure for it. I was wondering if you can use enclosures that are not made of metal for chassis ground and how it ...
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PCB Ground Plane Cut-out
I saw these lines in a data sheet:
"To reduce unwanted capacitance, TI recommends cutting out the power and ground traces underneath the signal input and output pins. Otherwise, ground and power ...
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HDMI CEC connections and ground reference
I'm trying to work with the HDMI-CEC bus and a STM32 microcontroller (currently on a Nucleo-144 board).
I'm connecting a cut HDMI cable with some Dupont wires soldered on it, to interface to the ...
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How to test or substitute a frame ground point in a modern, small-motor vehicle? [closed]
I have a ATV that I am trying to install a horn and light set it. Lights worked out fine but the horn worked for a bit then stopped, and now a replacement horn keeps blowing fuses. I checked and the ...
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12v and 48v common ground?
Building out an RV and have combination of 12v and 48v systems. Not sure if I can share the same grounds.
My biggest concern is what happens if, for example, there’s a short to ground on the 48v side?...
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Separate grounds for AC main and Low voltage
This question is with regard to or a follow up question of this one over here.
Request you to refer to the picture in that question.
My question is:
Since we have high voltage (AC mains input) and low ...
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Question regarding PCB architecture [closed]
I am just starting to understand the EVSE architecture and how it will be on the PCB.
Hence, I went through this teardown video to understand the PCB architecture.
Picture:
(I saw that in some ...
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Spooky multimeter AC reading using 1 lead
I'm fixing an ultrasonic cleaner board that isn't working. There's a small transformer that drives the transducer. When I set my DMM to AC and touch both leads on its output, there's no reading. If, ...
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Confining signal using stitching vias on a 2 layer PCB
I have read in some questions (for example: Via Stitching on 2 Layer PCB when top layer is not fully ground pour ), that stitching vias are useless when one's PCB only has 2 layers, however people do ...
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Grounding & USB-C To HDMI Adapter
I've a MacBook that comes with a 2-prong 30 watt USB-C charger. Since it's a 2-prong charger, there's no ground terminal.
Now, suppose I connect this MacBook to an external monitor, and the external ...
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Decoupling Positive and Negative to Earth and Chassis Connection Layout
Very stupid question but I need to ask.
I'm doing the following. The two capacitors are supposed to be used for balancing the impedance to a common ground so that the common mode noise can be reduced.
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When connecting digital GND to chassis with a capacitor, what voltage rating should the capacitor have?
From testing the sensitivity of my device (USB communication) to EM noise, I figured out that if I use a capacitor to connect my digital GND to the chassis I can get rid of the noise (I think that's ...
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Why does it work to connect between phase and ground, if the electrical circuit is not completed or closed?
Maybe it's a silly question about electrical installations.
I'm not talking about rules, protections or if it is correct to do what I'm going to describe.
I just want to understand why it works.
For ...
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Why doesn't current flow to ground in some circuits? (followup question)
This is a follow-up question to the following questions:
Why doesn't current flow to ground in some circuits?
When does and when doesn't current flow to ground?
I have no issue accepting the ...
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How to send voltage when a grounded signal is present?
I'm currently designing an adapter PCB for FAT model PlayStation 2s so that I can use power/eject/LED PCBs and matching disc drives between any PS2 FAT model revisions.
Technical details:
The PS2 ...
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Suggestion for ESD Chassis Ground for Battery-Operated Device with Plastic Enclosure
We are developing a wearable device that is battery powered which is enclosed with a plastic enclosure. As a requirement for safety, we submitted the device for EMC testing, which includes Indirect ...
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As in the picture when I connect the gnd of hlw8012 to the gnd of esp8266 I get electric shock .what should I do now
I'm working on a project based on Iot so I was using hlw8012 for power monitoring and after connecting the IC module to the esp8266 whenever I touch the Esp module I get electric shock . What should I ...
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