Questions tagged [hardware]
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitute a computer system
367
questions
1
vote
3answers
134 views
Development board or Individual Microcontrollers? [closed]
I am an electrical engineering student and my planned career path is embedded systems. To get slightly ahead of my peers, but also for my own interests, I am learning embedded programming as well as ...
1
vote
1answer
56 views
Getting lower output voltage than expected in 5 level inverter
I am making a 5 level inverter using an Arduino Mega. I am using an IRFZ44N MOSFET for switching and also an MCT2E as a MOSFET driver.
The problem I am facing is that I am a getting a lower output ...
0
votes
1answer
87 views
How does the hardware realize adding 8 values in 1 clock cycle? [closed]
For example:
result= a1+a2+a3+a4+a5+a6+a7+a8
How many adders are needed to perform this in 1 clock cycle?
What does the design look in terms of hardware?
0
votes
3answers
105 views
Has there been any deliberate implementation of combinational logic soft error correction in any consumer-level product, like a CPU/microcontroller? [closed]
Prologue
It is well known that many error detection, mitigation, and correction methods, such as parity or ECC, have been available in large memory banks, like for RAM, for decades now, and even in ...
1
vote
0answers
41 views
How to set SPI clock speed for MT7623N
first I must say, I am new to the HW programming, but I really enjoy it.
My first project is writing a library for MT7623N (BananaPi R2) that handles GPIO pins. I got the GPIO part done and I can set ...
0
votes
1answer
41 views
What spacing to use between microstrip trace and ground plane on same layer?
I am designing a 4 layer board (1 - signal, 2 - GND, 3 - power, 4 - signal) and I have some microstrip lines on top and bottom layers.
Should I fill the top and bottom layer with ground? What do you ...
0
votes
1answer
57 views
Hardware for Generating Low Frequency Vibrations
I am interested in having a small device generate low frequency vibrations in the range of 1Hz - 10Hz which can be adjustable. Doing my research, I came across small coin shaped motors which are ideal ...
2
votes
1answer
29 views
KiCAD - Errors when designing shield schematic
I finally finished my first schematic and everything looked great. I went ahead to perform Electrical Rules Check.
There were many errors.
Most of them were:
...
0
votes
0answers
22 views
VHDL structural vs Behavioural implementation vs data flow
I was wondering what would be the benefits of structural vs behavioural vs data flow implementation of a code. I know behavioural is easy since its close to C++ and it doesn't have hardware concerns, ...
2
votes
1answer
85 views
Confused about the meaning of hardware specification
This question is not directly about design but meaning of a concept used in electronics design.
Basically, I cannot find the clear explanation regarding the following use of "specification" ...
0
votes
0answers
57 views
How to sync time between two devices (<30m apart) with a sub milisecond accuracy? (think PTP)
So my task is to detect the source of banging in a metal tube (picture radiator pipe). The idea is to put two mics to the ends of the tube and measure time differences when they hear banging. The tube ...
0
votes
2answers
87 views
Is it safe to apply voltage to buffer output?
I want to design a SDI-12 interface and I am using this schematic as a starting point. In receive mode, the 5V SDI-12 data signal will reach UART RX via the transistor Q1, but will also reach the ...
1
vote
1answer
51 views
How to decide the DDR3 routing topology?
I am designing board which has got 4 DDR3 Die on it, 64 bit SDRAM interface. DDR3 Memory controller will be xilinx FPGA. I have some confusion in the signal routing from the DDR3 interface to DDR3 ...
2
votes
2answers
118 views
Why are most of the RESET signals in embedded systems active low?
I am hardware design engineer. I had seen lot of board designs since 2015. In my career I have seen that most of the RESET signals are of active low signals. Is there any logical reason behind that?
...
2
votes
1answer
224 views
Power a circuit with power supply and USB port, my solution
I want to power a circuit I have from a dedicated power supply. But at the same time, I have a USB port that can also supply power but only when I decide to upload new firmware to a atmega32u2. Here ...
0
votes
0answers
19 views
cjmcu-3221 i2c problem - doesn't show on search
I have big problem and strange problem with the device,
I have connected it into Arduino
VS - 3.3V
GND - GND
SCL - A5
SDA - A4
didn't connect anything to ch1-3 ...
0
votes
0answers
21 views
NC (non controllable) fault on primary input
I am using TestMAX (synopsys) to debug problems of coverage in DC (stuck @) simulations.
I encountered a NC (non controllable) fault in the primary input, why do I get that? is that a bad fault or ...
1
vote
0answers
43 views
Would this silary battery shield work? [duplicate]
I am making an open source solar battery shield for the Arduino Uno, would this circuit work? It's pretty basic but I think it would do the trick.
Also,the power from the solar cell will come into the ...
1
vote
1answer
16 views
how can i make compile stage shorter in VCS (synopsys) after logic changed?
if I changed few lines from a specific Verilog of design and now I want to recompile, can I compile just the related files or I need to compile the whole design again?
i'm using VCS tool by Synopsys.
1
vote
0answers
24 views
Flyback converter Transformer calculation verification
Kindly verify the transformer design for this wide input power supply using LM5022
i am designing the power supply for my solar inverter in which output of solar panel (750Vdc to 800Vdc) directly fed ...
0
votes
0answers
24 views
Logic to pull signal low on power loss until signals next rising edge
I have the circuit below using the MCP23018 I/O controller which is always powered. The issue I'm having is that the signal USBC_RST_N controls the reset line of a PCIE-USB IC which has the ability to ...
2
votes
0answers
125 views
N-Channel MOSFET Circuit
a friend of mine developed this Schematic and Circuit.
The Problem is, on LIN_BUS (please ignore the Name) should be KL15 Volage (13.8V) if the FET switches.
But if FET1_CNTRL is LOW (0.0V) the ...
0
votes
2answers
71 views
Decoupling of STM32F072CBT6
just a short question while reading the Datasheet. What is the meaning of the Capacitors in the second line (marked red).
Do I need both (100nF AND 4.7uF) connected each of the Supply?
Datasheet Link
1
vote
0answers
52 views
EMC tests requirements
I have designed many boards since graduation in my position as Hardware Engineer, but none of these boards tested its electromagnetic compatibility with the standards.
However in all my designs I have ...
-1
votes
1answer
74 views
Hardware that can generate chirp audio signal
Basically I would like to generate chirp audio signal that sweeps from 16 kHz to 18 kHz, the signal lasts about 100 ms, no restrict requirements on the sound volume. I am able to generate such chirp ...
2
votes
4answers
418 views
Polarised capacitor vs. unpolarised capacitor. Which to use when?
Polarised capacitor has polarity (+ and -). Is it also called electrolytic capacitor? (Question 1)
Unpolarised capacitor does not have polarity (there is no + and -). Unpolarised capacitor can be ...
0
votes
5answers
117 views
What does 32 mean in QFN 32? Term is related to IC chip specification
ESP8285 IC QFN32 is a chip.
https://robu.in/product/esp8285-ic-qfn32-original/
What does 32 mean in QFN 32?
If I have a part/ footprint having the name as QFN50P500X500X90-33N-D. Will it be different ...
0
votes
1answer
92 views
PCB designing of GSM module
I want to design PCB of a GSM module. Inside a GSM module there is a place to put a (mobile cellular ) SIM card. And then this GSM module can send SMS text messages to different phone numbers.
...
2
votes
2answers
69 views
How to appropriately test Ethernet hardware?
How should I appropriately test the Ethernet of my device? I have some ideas:
Measure signal integrity between the MCU and the PHY or Switch devices (like RMII)
Measure the signal integrity of the ...
35
votes
5answers
13k views
When Intel / AMD choose their Nanometer Processes, why were the specific numbers, 5, 7, 10, 14, 22, 32, 45, etc chosen?
When looking at the roadmaps for the CPU manufacturing process
https://wccftech.com/intel-expects-launch-10nm-2017/
10 µm – 1971
6 µm – 1974
3 µm – 1977
1.5 µm – 1981
1 µm – 1984
800 nm – 1987
600 nm ...
0
votes
1answer
74 views
Need help identifying components! Hardware
So recently I have come across a schematic diagram with pictures, but some of the parts in the build (A quadruped robot, more information in the hackaday link below) are not in the schematic, and I ...
0
votes
2answers
106 views
SOP vs SOIC test clips [closed]
I'm mostly a software person, so this might be a super basic question. I wanna connect to an SOP8 flash chip. I see many recommendations for the Pomona clips, but that one is labeled SOIC8. I can't ...
0
votes
1answer
80 views
How to adjust trim potentiometer
I bought some DC-DC buck converters which are supposedly adjustable.
They have a tiny trim potentiometer on them, but how are those adjusted? I tried my tinyest screwdriver, but it simply won't turn.
...
1
vote
1answer
85 views
Meaning of certain symbols and labels in Circuit board PCB schematic design (v2)
I have a schematic design for a printed/ electronic circuit board. I want to know the meaning of certain symbols/ labels in the schematic design. I have highlighted in the below picture, the relevant ...
2
votes
4answers
322 views
Hardware to run a fixed neural network
Suppose I have a feedforward neural network and I already have decided what its directed graph, weights and activation function should be. I want a device than runs this neural network as quickly as ...
3
votes
3answers
7k views
Meaning of certain symbols and labels in Circuit board PCB
I have a schematic of an electronic circuit board or PCB. I want to know the meaning of certain symbols and labels in the diagram. I have highlighted the diagram below with green, yellow and grey ...
2
votes
0answers
82 views
ATX power supply doesn't cut the current after being turned off
I made a power supply for my electronic projects using a ATX power supply of a older computer and used a button connecting the black and green wires to turn it on/off.
I noticed that sometimes when I ...
2
votes
3answers
183 views
getting interrupt from ignition circuit
This transistor ignition circuit for a model petrol engine is built from a proprietary kit. I have made it up and it works.
Now I want to take a signal from it as an external interrupt to an Arduino ...
0
votes
0answers
44 views
microSD card voltage level- reverse engineering design
Goal: Adding (back) a microSD socket to a camera that does not have one.
The microSD pads are laid out and appear to be fully connected. Ground is to the ground plane, the data lines are with ...
0
votes
3answers
79 views
Making complex boolean circuits that give true as output only for a specific combination of boolean inputs
This is my first question on a stack exchange website so please bear with me.
I am making challenges for a jeopardy style capture the flag event in my college and I had come across the minetest ...
0
votes
0answers
30 views
Development kit for learning USB device driver development
I want to learn writing device drivers for USB devices (on linux kernel or microcontrollers, if that matters). Hence, I am looking for sample USB development kit.
e.g. when I wanted to learn I2C, I ...
1
vote
2answers
49 views
What board should I use to control my 3D printer
I'm trying to build a simple experimental FDM 3D printer as a hobby.
As I said it's a simple printer with only basic functionalities such as receiving the slicer file to print from a slicer software ...
0
votes
1answer
94 views
How to find RPM from the square wave of a MSD box
I am trying to make a tachometer for my car. I am using a MSD6Al-2. The box outputs a 12 volt square wave at a 20 % duty cycle
I talked to someone at MSD and they said you'll get a signal every time ...
0
votes
1answer
35 views
Can I use WP(Write Protect) pin of a USB flash memory controller to prevent tampering with its firmware/stored data?
I want to have an USB stick that I can make it read-only and insert it in any untrusted PC without risking a silent BadUSB infection.
I was thinking about finding an USB stick that has this WP pin in ...
0
votes
2answers
80 views
ESP8266 / ESP32 - Health issues
I am doing a pretty specific project, where I plan to connect up to 150 devices, mostly depending on ESP32 and a few ESP8266 devices.
All of them will be located in a tiny space of around 5-8 square ...
-1
votes
2answers
72 views
How Serial Port Loopback Test work internally/underneath? [closed]
Actually I've asked my question on StackOverflow, but I really think it belongs here.
Here it is anyway:
When doing a Serial Loopback Test on a USB Port (assume COM1) using Hyperterminal or any other ...
4
votes
6answers
1k views
How do computers output a signal without an input? [closed]
I'm curious about how an output pin gets turned on at a low level when there is no input like pressing a button to complete a circuit.
If you program a raspberry pi to turn on and off an LED how does ...
1
vote
1answer
37 views
Can a micro operation pass multiple pipeline stages with a single clock cycle?
I'm learning a CPU architecture and currently found some high-level description of Intel x86_64 CPUs architecture. By the high level description I mean something like the following micro-op flow (...
11
votes
9answers
13k views
Which method or component is best to regulate 42 to 3.3 V?
I am using a 36 V battey pack (10s 2.5 A each cell 3.6V.) Its maximum voltage is 42 V. I am using a STM32 microcontroller whose input is 3.3 V.
I am designing a PCB in which the power supply is drawn ...
1
vote
0answers
54 views
Connect DC/DC Conv Isolated Ground
I'm developing a modular equipment device aimed for industry, very similar to a PLC in terms of electronics. For all field interfaces I am using isolators and ESD protection for robustness and to pass ...
