Questions tagged [hardware]
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitute a computer system
482
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How can I calculate a relay's series resistor?
I have been told that always when I add a relay to my design I have to include a series resistor (series with the coil) to limit current in it. So, I want to use a 5 V DC (coil) relay. How do I ...
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0
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Problem with Max 485 RS485 to TTL chip (Not Receiving Data)
I am working on a project connecting Arduino UNO r3 and an RS485 modbus master with MAX485. The connections are shown below.
...
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2
answers
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Can you deliberately damage RAM using pointers?
Can one deliberately cause physical damage to RAM using C++ and its implementation of pointers?
What about segmentation faults? Can they cause any damage?
Example: trying to access a non-existent ...
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1
vote
0
answers
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Where I'm wrong when importing From Arduino sketch into Atmel Studio 7, (about DHT11)
Atmega 328p is tested on a breadboard with LCD1602 and DHT11. I am programming this with SNAP MPLAB via Atmel Studio. On Arduino Uno everything is fine, but on the breadboard, DHT11 not responding. ...
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3
votes
5
answers
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Low consumption resistor pair
I'm working on a project that measures battery voltage.
The device, I designed, works on coin cell.
I have to extend battery life, that's why I used the following design
But it requires two pins
...
2
votes
0
answers
79
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S11108 Circuit Design Logic
This is my first post and also my first dip into electrical engineering, and I wanted to ask if you have any suggestions on the circuit I have designed. As a background, I'm a Computer Science student,...
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2
votes
7
answers
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Two sets of resistors with one switch
My goal is to switch between two sets of five restistors. The goal was to use one switch to change the sets. By pushing one of the five switch the specific resistor of the set is connected between ...
4
votes
2
answers
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Electrical characteristics on datasheet
What does this part of a datasheet mean? I always get confused when studying them...
Is the user suppose to meet these conditions before getting the results stated on the sheet?
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0
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44
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How do you calculate the leakage current for the I2C interface in the active and sleep states?
How do you calculate the leakage current and power loss for the I2C interface in the active and sleep states? Consider that the I2C operates at the maximum data rate of 1 MHz (Fast mode plus), with a ...
1
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0
answers
97
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Reset circuit with delay
While my background is EE, I've mostly worked as a firmware person. I'm designing a product that should reset about 5 seconds after being placed onto a charger. The delay is to allow time for data to ...
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0
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Does my ORing or Ideal diode Work or not?
Does anyone have experience with parallel switching of power supplies like I do here seen depicted in the schematics below. I have designed and simulated an ORing or ideal diode based on simple ...
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1
answer
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How do you choose the right load for reliability testing?
I am an automotive reliability and test engineer. I do environmental or electrical tests and during these tests I need to load my products. By load I mean, for example, there is a mosfet driven by a ...
0
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2
answers
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DRAM Memory : How is data stored from the HDD to DRAM? [closed]
When storing data from HDD to DRAM, is one large data block (e.g., 8 bytes) stored in one chip? Or is it distributed among multiple chips in a DIMM? If it is distributed, how many bytes of consecutive ...
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1
answer
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Minimize Single Balanced Mixer Insertion Loss
I am self teaching RF via the internet, "Introduction to Radio Frequency Design" by Wes Hayward and the 2005 ARRL handbook. My intended project is a 1 stage IF heterodyne receiver. Not ...
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1
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Turbocharger Electronic Valve Control
I have seen that the H bridge method is used to drive the valves required to use the turbocharger feature in the engines, why do they prefer this? There is no DC motor, they open and close an ...
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0
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0
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Single Photon Detection Using an FPGA
I am an undergraduate student working on a summer project involving single photon detection and coincidence counting. The main issue with the project is that the voltage threshold preset into the ...
0
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0
answers
61
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Level shifting 2.4V to 3.3V
What design can I follow to make a level shifter? I have used SN75LBC. Its RE/DE has an output of 2-2.4V and I want it to connect to the receive pin of my ESP. The ESP WROOM-02 operates at 3.3V so I ...
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votes
3
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Purpose of dual diode
I'm referring the DALI 2 schematics by Mikroe.
Within the circuit what is the function of D1 in given schematics?
And why they are using a dual diode?
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2
votes
2
answers
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How does CPU's Machine Check Architecture work?
Modern CPUs can alert the OS when itself is malfunctioning, i.e. logically incorrect, and apparently, this is supported by a hardware diagnostic feature called Machine Check Architecture. I can ...
0
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0
answers
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STM32 USB Dongle ST-utility connection problem
I'm using a CANADUINO ST-Link V2 USB Dongle (SWD).
I'm trying to connect to the chip but I keep getting this error:
I do have the reset pin attached to the USB.
Any help is appreciated.
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0
votes
1
answer
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On an embedded system, when you have a hardware interrupt, what happens to the process status word?
I have been taught that when an interrupt arrives, the following generally happens:
The current instruction finishes.
The interrupt is acknowledged.
The hardware state(PSW) is stored .
The PC is ...
0
votes
0
answers
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Using ISL9241 Buck-Boost Battery Charger for an AMD Motherboard (Without an EC)
I want to use ISL9241 Buck-Boost Battery Charger for a system that has AMD Ryzen™ 9 PRO 6950HS APU.
I saw that also in AMD reference design and Intel Tiger Lake UP3 reference design, ISL9241 was used ...
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0
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Using 2.4 GHz microwaves to demonstrate optical polarization
Several educational companies sell kits to demonstrate optical polarization using 3 cm (10 GHz) microwaves emitted from a Gunn diode transmitter and simple grid-like polarizers.
My question is whether ...
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1
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Two action switch on circuit
Trying to fix my electronic lawn mower and I have a switch in it that is quite interesting.
You need two actions. One is the engage the lever normally it is horizontally across the switch body when ...
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1
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What is the transfer function of electroabsorption modulators?
Can anyone give me a reference that I may find a closed-form formula for the output electric field (not power) in terms of the input small-signal electrical waveform (not input power) of an ...
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1
answer
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What are the possible implementations of LUT on silicon?
I'm looking for the possible ways to implement a LUT. The only way I know is to use Flip Flops to store the outputs and a MUX to select the output using the input as a select signal. Is there any ...
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1
answer
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What would the markings above these pads mean? Trying to hack this watch
Here is an image of the watch:
(Original)
Here is an image of the pads in question:
(Original)
I am not very knowledgeable about hardware as I come from a software background. Could anyone lead me ...
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3
votes
1
answer
239
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Issue in rail to rail opamp as buffer
I'm using LTC6090IS8E#PBF as buffer. Following is the circuit. Actually my input is 100 V and I'm attenuating it to 60 V using voltage divider. Then 60 V is given to non-inverting input of LTC6090IS8E#...
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votes
1
answer
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Residue voltage due to gate driver leakage current
I want to reduce the leakage current of a gate driver driving an IGBT as I have some residual voltage on the high voltage line LV for communication is on. The residual voltage on the high voltage line ...
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1
answer
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How does DDR SDRAM increase the bandwidth without increasing the frequency at which a memory array operates?
I am reading about SDRAM, and how the bandwidth was increased with DDR optimizations. From my understanding DDR can send data at a rising and falling edge, effectively doubling the data being sent. ...
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1
answer
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HDMI to LCD RGB888 decoder IC [closed]
I'm working on the "Allwinner H3" core board in my project and I want to connect an LCD to it but it has only HDMI output and I have to use an HDMI to LCD RGB888 decoder IC, so I decide to ...
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0
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1
answer
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Newly purchased DS1302 IC not working
I want to add a RTC in my own custom PCB using a DS1302 IC. I am using the Arduino IDE and an ESP32 controller.
I made a PCB and tried to run it but it failed to read data from the RTC. Just to make ...
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votes
2
answers
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Custom RP2040 board detection and uploading issues
I have designed and tested a custom RP2040 board for simple GPIO ON/OFF functioning and everything worked just fine.
Now, we have ordered 30 more of the same circuits (with same design and components)....
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0
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Need help with implementing beq instruction control signals
I'm currently working on an Assignment, and I'm unsure if I did everything right, for example implementing the control signals for the beq instruction. I have added the required signals to the Control ...
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1
answer
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How computers put signals in order (handling memory (system bus) access in multi-core system)?
My journey started from the question: "If I have 2 cores that want to write values in one memory address at the same (literally) time, how does a computer manage such a situation?"
After ...
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1
answer
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Multicore CPU design dilemma on reading from/writing to hardware devices
I have built a simple 8-bit processor with 16-bit address lines and 8-bit data lines; not the most efficient CPU architecture, but it does the job. As you might have guessed, this CPU is really simple:...
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0
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How can I add a USB port to my router? [closed]
I want to add a USB female adapter to my Xiaomi 4c router. It has 5V, 1 ampere input. I did some research on it. They say that I need to add a 15k ohm resistor to it.
Here's the circuit diagram for ...
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votes
3
answers
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SPI vs parallel data/address bus - speed and data troughput
I have a digital board (developed more than 10 years ago) which has a DSP and an FPGA that communicate over a parallel 16-bit data + 16-bit address interface. In the FPGA, there is a sort of dual-port ...
1
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0
answers
97
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Can't flash microcontroller through JTAG
I designed a board and added a JTAG interface to program the built-in ATmega32 16U via an Atmel-ICE. I have already measured the individual pins of the JTAG with a multimeter and there is also 4.5 V ...
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0
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Issues associated with a single layer PCB for an RLC band pass filter
I have an issue the design of an RLC band pass filter with bandwidth ranging from 5kHz to 15 kHz. I simulated the given circuit in Proteus. It worked perfectly fine there. I then tested it on a ...
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votes
1
answer
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Reverse engineering hardware serial interface, unexpected output in PuTTY
I have a Chinese laser controller with a touch screen interface. I've worked out that the touch screen is a standard off the shelf product communicating via RS422 with a custom control board. I'm ...
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1
answer
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Is it possible to create a binary RNG using hardware?
I have successfully created a binary random number generator using embedded software, but I would like to know if it is possible to get +1 and -1 with hardware?
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1
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Regarding RTC drift
Basically there are two RTCs:
1.internal RTC
2.external RTC
Internal RTC has no battery backup whereas external RTC has CR2032 battery to maintain time in absence of power supply. For accuracy ...
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3
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How to bypass strong pullup on RX pin of Wemos D1 Mini (ESP8266) to communicate with UART multiplexer (CD4052)?
I have designed an extension board for the Wemos D1 Mini module, where I wish to expand to 4 available UARTs to interface with other sensors/modules. Debug is carried out by UART1 pins. For UART ...
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0
answers
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Datexel DAT3024 4-Ch Digital to Analog Converter (0-10V and 0-20mA): Voltage Output Titles Not Responding
Issue:
I was attempting to perform the calibration procedure for the DAT3024 when all 4 output channels stopped responding to modbus commands to set their respective voltages. This occurred after ...
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0
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119
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Difference between Internal and External RTC [duplicate]
what is the difference between internal and external RTC ?
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How to solve pipeline hazards using stalls?
So, I have the following code, which should run on a five-stage pipeline (Fetch, Decode, Execute, Memory, Write). Now, we need only to consider read-after-write data dependencies and find the total ...
3
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4
answers
648
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Is there any difference between a CPU core and a CPU itself?
I was reading this article that explains the difference between a thread and a core and it says the following:
...
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How to add power switch to Adafruit Feather32?
I have an Adafruit HUZZAH32 ESP32 board, a battery and an on/off switch. I'd like to connect them in such a way that all of the following are satisfied:
Switch turns the board on/off
Board is powered ...
0
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1
answer
190
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How do I go about building an FPGA bitcoin miner? [closed]
For one of my classes, I was thinking about making an FPGA bitcoin miner but I'm not really sure where I should start. Are there any tutorials or textbooks that would help me understand how I should ...
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