Questions tagged [random-number]
A random number is a number that is generated by random number generator (RNG) unit or some teachniques. Random numbers have applications in gambling, statistical sampling, computer simulation, cryptography, completely randomized design, and other areas where producing an unpredictable result is desirable.
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What is the smallest and simplest seed for a random number generator?
A small microcontroller (8-bit Atmel) controls a number of lights in order to present a light show with many fancy randomized light sequences.
A suitable pseudo-RNG does its job nicely, but I'm ...
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Is Arduino ideal for making a HRNG (hardware random number generator)?
I'm putting together a design for a hardware random number generator that will utilize multiple sources of entropy (combined):
Ambient light
Ambient sound (and sound levels)
Ambient temp
Ambient ...
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Random number generators using a GPIO pin?
I just read through question AVR Random Number Generator and encountered a number of ways to generate random seeds in an AVR:
Use a special-purpose "Secure AVR"
Use an internal temperature sensor
...
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AVR Random Number Generator
I've read an appnote from TI (slaa338) that describes a technique for generating "for real" (as opposed to "pseudo") random numbers. It exploits the somewhat exotic clock subsystem of the MSP430 to ...
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What are the differences between rand() function and RNG (Random number generator) peripheral?
I'm wonder for RNG (Random number generator) peripheral in STM32F4XXXX MCUs. look in this Reference Manual (page 748). On the other hand, we have the rand() function in stdlib library that do the same ...
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Can I generate random numbers on PIC from INTOSC vs crystal?
Generating truly random numbers on a microcontroller is a known difficult task.
One way is to run two different clocks, and measure the clock drift between them.
The PIC16F1783 which I'm using does ...
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Entropy Source on Microchip PIC24F
I am working to develop an Android accessory hardware. Currently, I am trying to generate an random number (C language) on a embedded system, but the value doesn't change. I am wondering if there is ...
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Randomization of events in old hand-held games
I have very little background on electronic design.
After studying a bit on how pseudo-random number generators work on general purpose computers, I became curious on how old hand-held games (like ...
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Does a reverse-biased P-N junction create quantum noise?
It is my understanding that a highly doped, thin depletion region, reverse-biased P-N junction at low voltage can cause quantum mechanical tunneling. This (or sometimes avalanche breakdown) is used ...
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Can the "unknown" turn-on state of registers in digital circuit be used as seed for random number sequence?
We always like to reset registers in a synchronous digital circuit just after power up so they are in a known state before device operation begins.
Pseudo random number sequences make use of a seed ...
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Hardware sources of entropy on an FPGA
I'm building an FPGA feed handler and one of the problems is I want to do Monte-Carlo simulations which require a high-quality entropy source, i.e. a pseudo-random LSR implementation won't do. I've ...
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Pseudorandom bit generator: analogue circuit for microcontroller digital input
I want the most cost effective way for a basic pseudorandom number generator in a microcontroller. I will use the PIC16F54 which has extremely limited resources. I am thinking about using noise with ...
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How can I get random numbers on AVR?
I am trying to make the game MegaMind. I need to get a random number, but how can I get them on AVR?
I have tried this:
secret_code[1] = random()&=6;
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Method of generating a random binary number using gates
I was wondering how a computer or any other device can generate random numbers. Is there a way to do this using only digital parts(non-programmable parts such as gates)? When I think of it, it seems ...
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Help understanding 1986 schematic for Rohde & Schwarz cryptographic key generator
From https://www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/rs/pu104/index.htm :-
PU-104 was a key generator for perforated paper tape, made around 1986 by Rohde & Schwarz (R&S) in München (Munich, Germany). ...
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How to get signal out of Geiger-Muller tube?
I am building a nuclear random number generator using an LND-712 Geiger-Muller tube (GMT). I have built a HV power supply circuit that converts the 3.3V output of my Adafruit Feather RP2040 micro-...
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Avalanche diode random source design
I've seen lots of examples of avalanche diode (or other reverse PN junctions) white noise sources, and before I go out and build it, I've got some questions about the design. First, my first cut at it:...
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What is the purpose of masking the LFSR value in STM32's noise generation?
I read on section 14.3.8 of the STM32F4 reference manual that you can mask the LFSR output value partially or totally.
At first I thought that it was used to change the pseudo random pattern (...
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Is my avalanche noise "random?"
I'm working on a hardware random number generator based on the below design. It uses two reverse P-N junctions to create avalanche noise.
I was looking at the circuit with my oscilloscope, and I ...
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How do we know for sure that this implementation of a Galois ring oscillator (GARO/GRO) will produce random numbers?
I simulated the Verilog code present in at this link that uses a Galois based ring oscillator to get truly random numbers.
The crux of its operation seems to be:
It is basically an LFSR type ...
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Randomising diode
I've been watching Minder DVDs and one of the extras from Series 6 is a Premium Bonds ad from 1986 which explains that their super-duper ERNIE 2 machine uses diodes (I think) that emit pulses at ...
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Is Modular Entropy Multiplication really a new form of entropy?
I have come across Modular Entropy Multiplication (MEM) on GitHub. It's used as an entropy source for a hardware true random number generator called REDOUBLER. I've never seen such a circuit. Ye olde ...
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Separating a PORT into in/out and getting random nums?
Using ATMega1284
I want to generate a random number from 0-7 (maybe more range). This is the main concern. As long as it "feels" random its fine. And it could resolve the rest of my issues... anyways
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Random number generation with skewed distribution
I would like to implement a fully-digital circuit that can generate a random variable X with P(1)=p, P(0)=1-p (where, ideally, the probability p would be configurable with a programmable parameter).
...
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Generating pseudo-random numbers with restricted hardware
I have a need to generate a 448-bit value that appears random, for use in a test circuit.
The "randomness" of the values is not overly important; the size of the generator hardware is. I am using an ...
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A subsystem with randomised outputs (no microcontrollers)
I'm trying to make a subsystem that has several outputs. By default, all outputs are 0. When turned on, I want it to randomly set one output to 1, and make it stay at 1 until reset (the reset ...
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Is it possible to create a binary RNG using hardware?
I have successfully created a binary random number generator using embedded software, but I would like to know if it is possible to get +1 and -1 with hardware?
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Why is it that true random number generators are not in every computer? [closed]
I understand that one of the fundamental pillars of the programmable computer, is that we should implement features with software rather than hardware, anytime it is possible & more efficient (or ...
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Switching between sequence different sequence lengths in pseudorandom number generating
I was reading Use Readily Available Components to Generate Pseudo-Random Binary Sequences and White Noise, by Art Pini, to understand generating pseudorandom numbers.
I understand that broadly ...
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Is using a register chain feeding into a LFSR sufficient to generate "true random numbers" inside an FPGA?
One way to generate random numbers is to pseudo-random numbers. Otherwise, one would need a special mechanism to generate them using dedicated hardware. However, (For FPGAs specifically) why not just ...
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Why is this VHDL pseudo random number generator not working as expected?
I'll start off by saying I have about 2 days experience in VHDL so there's a strong chance my code is horrible. I would appreciate any tips on better VHDL practice. I am busy trying to simulate a ...
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4017 Counter LED Shuffle By Touch
Hi all,
I found the following circuit on the internet and made it on the back of a business card as a fun project. The idea is that you ask a question, touch the naked wire, the lights shuffle and ...
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Are Germanium Zener diodes still obtainable?
I need a Germanium Zener diode for a shot noise generator circuit. If I am correct, Silicon replaced Germanium for use in diodes and other semiconductors because of the fact that Germanium diodes have ...
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How do random number generators in calculators work? [closed]
I have a TI-30xIIs scientific calculator. I was playing around with some of the functions, and I discovered it had a random number generator. I became curious as to how it worked. My first thought was ...
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Is there an IC that will output randomly?
Recently I've started collecting those tiny arcades boxes, and found some information to wire them so they stay on the demo mode. This way they can be used as a decoration. Here's an example vid of ...
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concept for true random number generators
I have an idea. Lets say we have an unpowered TTL set-reset flip flop with both inputs tied to 5v(logic high). When we apply power to the flip flop, it goes into a quiescent state, so there is no ...
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Generating random bits using two oscillators and a D Flip-Flop
I'm an electronic musician and computer science student I have been tinkering a lot lately with Arduino and analog ways of sound synthesis. Mainly I've been using 4093 ICs (NAND gates) to make ...
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How to design a circuit for genrating random numbers
I'm working on a project, where we need to generate random numbers between 1-5. After researching a bit I figure out generally ...
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Can any part of Intel's (RdRand) random number generator be visually inspected?
A random number instruction RdRand, has been added to Intel's Ivy Bridge processors that (allegedly) draws upon a hardware entropy circuit. The architecture is (allegedly) something like this:-
The ...
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Pseudo Random Number Generator and Propagation delay
I've recently just implemented a pseudo random number generator. This one to be more precise: http://www.cr31.co.uk/stagecast/trains/tt9_rng.html.
Of course, for the sake of my experiment, it's ...
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If constraints in SystemVerilog
I have a class of sequence item with rand variables:
class my_seq_item extends uvm_sequence_item;
rand bit a, b, c, d;
I want to generate a random bit for 'd' ...
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How is a Floating Point PRNG designed
Forgive the breadth of my question, but from understanding of basic digital circuits, an integer PRNG outputs a random number by using the XOR of certain bits of a LSFR. using an XOR tap into bits to ...
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Can Linear Feedback Shift Register be used to generate pseudo radnom numbers with uniform distribution and zero correlation?
I need to implement a circuit inside the FPGA that generates pseudo random numbers with uniform distribution and zero correlation. To make the repeat period of the sequence long, it would require a ...
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Difficulty of implementation of this Rayleigh variate generator on simpler FPGA
For a university module we have been tasked with a 'research project' whereby we need to implement an FPGA non-uniform variate generator. I've identified one possible choice for the specific ...
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Ring Oscillator on FPGA for TRNG
I am implementing a TRNG on an FPGA. This TRNG is based on jitter created by ring oscillator and I would like to know how to implement the given ring oscillator on FPGA so that jitter is generated.
<...
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How to generate positive and negative random numbers in VHDL
In my VHDL testbench, I have a configurable parameter DATA_WIDTH which is set to power of 2 such as 16-bits.
I want to generate random signed numbers (2's compliment) of bit width as DATA_WIDTH. For ...
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Are radioisotope HRNGs commercially available? [closed]
I figure if they use Americium-241 pellets to make commercial smoke detectors, there's no reason they cannot use such pellets for hardware random number generators. I read an unconfirmed anecdote that ...
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How a robot can Identify numbers?
Suppose, I have 10 pieces of PVC squares. Each PVC square has a number printed on it.
I want to create a robot who identifies the number printed on a square. Can anybody give any ideas? I mean is ...
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How to randomize the seed-number in Modelsim?
In EDA-Playground, I know that we use +ntb_random_seed_automatic to randomize the seed number. However, I'm not sure how I'd go about doing that in Modelsim so that I have a random seed number.
I was ...
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How to use LFSR to generate random numbers as per this Xilinx application note?
The Xilinx App note XAPP052 "Efficient Shift Registers, LFSR Counters, and Long Pseudo-Random Sequence Generators" shows a method on how to use LFSRs to get random bit sequence of maximum ...
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