Questions tagged [waveform]
The shape of a value (usually voltage) when graphed over time.
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How to ramp a bi-polar Return to Zero (RZ) digital waveform
I am using a Raspberry Pi Pico and a few op-amps and resistors to implement an ARINC 429 transmitter. ARINC 429 is a bipolar RZ serial communication protocol commonly used in avionics. See the image ...
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Using a SSR for passing a DC PWM Signal that has positive and negative waveform
I am trying to control the PWM signal to a solenoid via an SSR by passing one leg through it to control the on/off.
I have tried 3 different SSR's and none of them fully stop the signal, I still get a ...
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Problem with waveform output .tr0 of hspice
I'm trying to see my project output waveform through CosMosScope but I get the error "The file format is not understood", while it gets job concluded in .lis file and simulate as well in avan waves.
I'...
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Getting a square wave as a output of op-amp
I have the following op-amp circuit and i am trying to find out what is the open loop gain.
In order to make this simulation properly, we need to make sure that the
DC operation of the amplifier is ...
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Current waveform electric motor
Does electric motor reactance at given speed is constant according to rotor position (angle)?
For switched reluctance it is not. But for three phase induction motor?
Considering there is no any noise....
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What could cause this flyback output current oscillation?
I designed a dc-dc flyback converter that is expected to reach 30 W output power. But it seems there are problems with reaching maximum power. Firstly I tested without the input filter and with non-...
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Siglent SDS1104X-E Integrate Function - Units of Measure
I am using a Siglent SDS1104X-E four channel oscilloscope which has a variety of math functions, one of which is to integrate a signal.
Currently I am measuring a voltage pulse across a gate resistor ...
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Why is the output voltage (without capacitor) of a boost converter seen as a perfect square wave?
I am trying to learn about boost converters, but I don't understand why the images of the voltage output always seems to be like a square wave PWM. I understand that assuming perfect inductors, the ...
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Inverter Upgrade
I have 600VA, 12V Pure Sine Wave Inverter (Atleast under no load, its pure) having 8 IRF3205 Mosfets in total. (In full bridge configurtion)
I have modified its shunt. Now it do not give overload ...
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Improving waveform shape in discrete Pierce oscillator with Schmitt trigger output
I am making a simple clock source using discrete Pierce oscillator with its output attached to high speed Schmitt trigger buffer to get square wave in the final output.
I got the circuit for the ...
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Where to apply manual delay in character LCD
I went to http://www.elm-chan.org/docs/lcd/hd44780_e.html in an attempt to find out how to make an LCD module work with the shortest timings. While the site does help with the initialization of the ...
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Problem generating two asymmetrical pulse waves
I am trying to generate two pulse waveforms with a on to off time ratio of around 40/60. The max amplitude is only 5 V however the switching frequency is quite high at around 100 kHz.
The two ...
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Why am I getting a half-wave rectified output when i am using a full-wave rectifier?
I have recently gotten back into electronics and have access to a lab with a signal generator and oscilloscope. I have been trying to teach myself how to use this equipment by building small and ...
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PFC Boost with LT1242
I have tried a PFC Boost simulation with lt1242. The specification is Input Voltage Range = 90 to 264 Vac, Output Voltage = 400 Vdc. I have got the result but I am not sure does this make sense at all ...
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Define the expression by the waveform [closed]
Could you explain how to define the expression for the dead time \$\theta\$?
$$f_{1}=\frac{2}{2\pi }\int_{\theta }^{\pi -\theta }{V}_{in}\sin(\omega t)d\omega t
$$
$$f_{1}=-\frac{2{V}_\text{in}}{2\pi ...
Null♦
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Inductor saturation current
I'm trying to determine an inductor's saturation current, I use a PWM with a gate driver (TLP250) and a 0.4Ω sense resistor at the source which I probe across to capture the current waveform.
I ...
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Which waveform leads the other: A or B?
If you only look at the waveforms A and B below, can you determine which one leads or lags the other?
One person argues that A leads B because the first rising edge of A occurs before the first ...
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1.2/50 us Combinational Wave Generator (Surge Test) Simulation - Help Needed
I am looking for assistance in editing my LTspice simulation for the design mentioned in the title. I have provided the design and output (open + short circuit) expectations (First two screenshots), ...
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Modify PKPk of a square waveform
I'm trying to make a circuit that takes takes 2 input:
A DC voltage (3-12 V range)
A 5 V (PKPk) square waveform (the frequency doesn't matter)
Then gives as output a voltage with the same frequency ...
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How to calculate the average voltage and VRMS of a non sinusoidal waveform [duplicate]
I need to calculate the average voltage and VRMS of this.
It's given that Vp=41V, Vn=-6V and T=13ms.
I know the answer for the average voltage is 12.8V, but I can't find the formula that gets this ...
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BLDC motor - strange phase waveforms
I trying implement bldc motor driver based on below schematic.
The color circles on schematic correspond to waveforms from oscilloscope (all probes are connected to common GND of MCU and PSU that ...
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What is the source of this shape on my USB eye diagram?
I have designed a USB device around an STM32F105. It is USB 2.0 Full Speed CDC device configured as a Virtual COM Port using ST's USB Library. It uses the STM32's built-in PHY, and runs at 12 Mbps.
...
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4-Bit Adder Subtractor Quartus Prime Lite
I designed a 4-bit adder/subtractor circuit in Quartus Prime Lite. I am struggling with getting the correct output on the waveform. It is supposed to take the unsigned decimal numbers and add or ...
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What is the simplest way to boost the output of a waveform generator to drive a piezo mesh?
I am trying to generate a ~40vpp sine waveform with a Rigol DG1022Z. Its maximum is 20Vpp.
I want to test the device at frequency ranges of a piezo device from 40kHz to up to 200kHz. This is to drive ...
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Is it normal for a square signal to change into a sine shape at high frequencies?
The signal generator outputs a square wave into an LED which emits light onto a photodiode. The photodiode is connected in a TIA circuit and then output is displayed on an oscilloscope.
The output ...
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Why does the amplitude of my output signal increase when I increase frequency of the input signal?
The signal generator outputs a sine wave into an LED which emits light onto a photodiode. The photodiode is connected in a TIA circuit and then the output is displayed on an oscilloscope.
The ...
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Derivative of a waveform
I am self studying linear circuits and I came to a very basic problem.
The problem:
$$y(t) = e^{-t} u(t)$$
where \$u(t)\$ is the step function.
Calculate the derivative of \$y(t)^{\prime}\$.
My take ...
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Creating a low frequency triangle wave with PWM from an MCU
I am trying to generate a 30Hz triangle wave from a MSP430FR5994 MCU (specifically with the MSP430FR5994 Development Kit. The reason why I am trying to do this is for a Continuous Wave, Frequency ...
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Square wave generator without op-amp
I am trying to make a square wave generator but don't have an op-amp nor the PNP transistor to do it. Is there any way that works? I have tried using this one:
simulate this circuit – Schematic ...
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50 Ω or high-Z setting on waveform generator?
I have an arbitrary waveform generator that allows me to set the load as 50 Ω or high-Z.
This generator is connected to an amplifier that has as input an unbalanced BNC connector, 10 kΩ, single-ended.
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Quality Check of a Brushless DC motor on an oscilloscope
I am Quality Checking some BLDC(Brushless DC) motors with an oscilloscope by connecting the BLDC to a drill, running it and viewing the output on my oscilloscope. I have been checking the Vpp(Peak to ...
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Effects of ferrite isolator on waveform
I have recently measured the standing wave signal from a waveguide. I notice that as the frequency is lowered the signal tends towards a sawtooth wave.
**
My guess for why this happens is that the EM ...
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UTG900E output specification
The datasheet of UTG900E Waveform generator says it can output up to 10 Vpp on a 50 ohm load, but in chapter 3.3.1 is stated the load can be set between 1 and 999 ohm.
Nowhere in the datasheet I see ...
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What are the waveforms of radio frequencies?
What is the waveform of radio frequencies? I thought they were sinusoidal; am I wrong?
I started to wonder about radio frequency waves at the time (two years ago), if they were digital, because all ...
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Function Generator to Audio Amplifier
I am looking to control a Helmholtz coil with a function generator but I need a waveform amplifier to increase the current and voltage from the function generator. The coil has to be run using low-...
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How can I generate positive and negative square wave with frequency of 1MHz?
I am planning to generate a square wave with positive and negative voltage, so basically, I create a 1MHz square wave from a microcontroller and send the output to a circuit which will convert the 0-...
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Gaussian signal generation circuit
I was studying op amp application and saw the square wave, triangular wave, sine wave. I was wondering if it is possible to generate Gaussian shape wave with op amp. I am basically trying to modulate ...
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What could be generating this waveform in an EMC Compliance test?
We are having trouble with a CISPR-11 (EN55011) Radiated Emissions Class B compliance test in one of our solutions. The troubling part of it is basically an industrial motherboard (with a commercial ...
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Spikes on IGBT's turn-on waveforms
Here are the ideal IGBT turn-on waveforms and the actual waveforms from my own gate driver.
What causes the spikes on the actual waveforms at t0?
Idealized gate turn-on waveforms
IGBT Turn-on ...
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Generating sawtooth waveform
I am trying to generate a sawtooth waveform between 0 and 1 which would have a frequency upto 200 kHz. I run this piece of code within a Matlab function block - it works fine up to 10 kHz, but higher ...
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How to design a function generator (Arduino Nano) to filter out noise of different signals?
I have an Arduino Nano-based function (sine, sawtooth, triangular, square) generator. Basically it is an Arduino Nano connected to a MCP4802 DAC, whose output is connected to an RC lowpass filter. ...
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Using RC lowpass filter at the MCP4802 DAC output (Arduino Nano waveform generator) [duplicate]
I have code on Arduino Nano that has predefined array of 4 waveforms (square, sawtooth, triangle, sine).
The array has, for each of the waveforms, 256 values where each value is 8 bit.
The speed, at ...
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Decoding waveform from RFID 125 khz reader
I've recently bought a chinese reader for EM4100 and compatible cards: it has an USB to UART converter to get commands from the software and an STM8S10 MCU responsible for the RFID comunication.
I ...
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Is it possible to change Arduino Nano sine wave frequency without using PWM? [closed]
I have a program that generates a sine wave (array with predefined 8 bit values) on an Arduino Nano.
...
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Capturing mains AC waveform with audio recording device
I'm wondering how practical (read: safe) it would be to use an audio capture device to "record" a mains AC signal for the purposes of monitoring the characteristics of the AC sine wave.
I am ...
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What protocol is this waveform?
I'm trying to reverse engineer a communication line between two components. However for debugging I'm connecting to only one of them, powering it up and looking at the signal. I have no experience ...
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How to deal with incorrect optical encoder waveform?
Summarize the problem:
TLDR: I am having trouble reading the signals from an optical encoder to track the position of a stepper motor(I know that it’s redundant to use encoders on stepper motors. It’s ...
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How to calculate frequency of this Op Amp square wave oscillator?
I was trying to come up with the equation to calculate the frequency of this circuit.
R1 and R2 are creating analog ground because I am using bipolar op amp for a single supply operation.
Thank you ...
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TL072 weird output when used as buffer
Dear all, I tried to use TL072CP op amp as a buffer, however to my surprise it outputs a perfect triangular wave with reduced amplitude when given sine wave input of 150kHz and I have used a 12V and -...
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How to generate waveform values for storing in an EEPROM?
I need to program an old EEPROM with 16 different waveforms: triangle, rectangle, sine, etc.
Is there a method that can encode a given waveform into an array of values like you can do in a spreadsheet?...
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