# All Questions

115,645 questions
35 views

### Pulse distortion low pass filter and group delay

What is really meant by pulse distortion? I have come across several paragraphs which mentions the cause of the pulse distortion is group delay. But doesn't a LP filter still distort a pulse even ...
48 views

### Regards Band Pass Filter with AmpOp

I've tried to solve this contest question regards the band pass filter (find the frequency at low-pass and high-pass filters) the picture below: My attempt: I consider that the first stage is 2 low-...
41 views

### HFA3096 transistor array breakdown voltage

In the book Learning the Art of Electronics, one of the labs is to build a differential amplifier with a CA3096 transistor array. The author admits that the chip may be difficult to find and gives the ...
124 views

### Can SoC Processors be used as more powerful microcontrollers? [on hold]

I'm starting with microcontrollers (still avr), and once I finish, I'll be moving on to ARM based microcontrollers. However, as I've been reading, the ARM Cortex M is basically the best you can get, ...
32 views

### Pair 433 MHz RF devices [on hold]

I need to build system "turn on lamp with wireless PIR sensor". I'm planning to buy 433 MHz PIR sensor and somehow pair it with 433 MHz relay. But how to pair them? How to get codes from transmitter ...
24 views

### Is the form of current response the same as the form of voltage response in a parallel RLC circuit?

I've tried looking for this answer in my textbook, what I'm confused by is that it says the response of the circuit? Does it mean both the voltage and the current response, or just voltage response ...
848 views

### Storage of electrolytic capacitors - how long?

I have a high voltage (750V) high value electrolytic cap about as big as my forearm. It has been in my storage box for about 20 years. In general, do electrolytics degrade under normal storage ...
29 views

### Is the same send a pulse with 5V than reduce voltage with driver? [on hold]

I've a conceptual question: if I send a PWM to a MOSFET that drives a Motor with 5V, is the same than using a driver to send from 5 to 0V? For example and be clearer, is the same send a %50 duty ...
36 views

### GPS and Galileo signal reception with a broadband antenna

I have a passive antenna that covers a wide bandwidth (1.25 - 2.45GHz, RHCP, omnidirectional) which I'd like to re-purpose for Galileo signal detection. I don't have an option to get an application ...
74 views

### Why won't my IIR filter work?

I have a cascaded IIR filter that has a sampling frequency of 1kHz and consist of a highpass filter with a cutoff frequency of 0.8Hz and a lowpass filter with a cutoff frequency of 5Hz. I have ...
69 views

### Converting wireless mouse

I saw this question in one of the electronics sites, and many answered him that converting wireless mouse will zap the PC (USB ports) . The question was:(( I am trying to convert a wireless mouse to a ...
66 views

### Op Amp: signal measurement that is below its common mode input range

I was wondering, how is possible to use an op amp, which its common mode input voltage is (V-) + 0.2V to (V+) - 0.2V to measure signals as low as 10mV for example? I'm looking for an ...
33 views

### Rectifier for transformer [on hold]

I’m searching an appropriate half-wave rectifier so I can use a neon sign transformer as a power supply. I want to be able to charge a HV capacitor using this setup. If this is possible would I need ...
109 views

### Home-brew cpu ram

I’m trying to build a cpu out of ttl logic chips. I’ve just about got everything finished, however, I’m still working on the ram. I don’t have any suitable ram chips I can use, however, I do have a ...
59 views

### Thevenin seems unclear

How do I find these answers? For the first example, R = 3/22, on the second it equals 18/17. I don't see how these will help me find ...
28 views

### Multiple LiPo batteries in parallel with mosfet and converters

This circuit (based on TP4056 modules) should be able to parallel multiple lipo batteries while allowing each battery to be charged individually (at up to 1A each). The leftmost generator is an ...
50 views

### Problem with stacked power mosfet simulation

I'm trying to build a Circuit Lab simulation of a stacked power mosfet pulser as described in this paper. The simulation runs for 10 ms. After 5ms, the switch flips and the voltage at 'StageOne' drops ...
19 views

### Single key not working on DIY mechanical keyboard (xd75re PCB and Switch both work)

I have assembled my first mechanical keyboard using the xd75re PCB. I used a plate mount, and all of the switches were installed without issue (this PCB has hotswap). When I used keyboardtester.com to ...
24 views

### How propagation delay affect the operation of parallel adders, jk and t flip flop

My question is about the affect of propagation delay on parallel adders,jk and t flip flop.
72 views

### How to detect whether a solenoid is actually attached to a MOSFET?

An injector is usually switched to ground to turn it on using a an N channel Mosfet. But how does the MCU knows when this is disconnected? I'm trying to drive a solenoid, but if the solenoid is ...
33 views

### What is wrong with my vga code? [on hold]

This was developed on the DE1-SoC board in system verilog. Some of the redundant code was erased. I have a multidimensional array that determines if a spot is occupied or not and determines the player....
21 views

### Backup battery convert 3.6v nicad to 3.7v li-ion non-rechargeable

Have a slot machine MPU backup battery 3.6v nicad. Would like to replace w/ 3.7v li-ion and NOT have the battery charge. Was thinking I might be able to insert a diode in line with the battery to ...
20 views

### Rise in Loop Gain (Part 2?)

All, I am going through an older textbook and am looking at some examples regarding stability. I can successfully model the circuit in the book and get the same results as the author. In this case ...
30 views

### Voltage multipliers work worse with more stages?

I'm simulating voltage multipliers (Dickson topology) with the stages from 1 to 12, following the paper "Design Optimization and Implementation for RF Energy Harvesting Circuits, 2012". The load was ...
29 views

### Grounding a device with double insulation prohibited?

There are Class I and Class II electrical devices. Class I devices need to have live parts grounded and Class II have double insulation. Why grounding of class II devices is prohibited? I mean, we can ...
117 views

### What is the best way to get 7V from a benchtop 10V supply?

I have a 50 ohm load I am trying to drive at 7V. I currently have a 10V supply with a 10kohm potentiometer but I am expecting to run into trouble when I connect it as a voltage divider. I looked ...
12 views

### Wiring video inputs for the Microvision Showwx+ projector

I have been given a Microvision Showwx+ projector which I would like to hook up to a video source. Mine only came with the Dock connector, so it will not work with any modern video outputs. I know ...
44 views

### Can I use network cable for low voltage DC power?

I'm a guitar player with a crazy idea for a 2 part bypass looper: Enclosure A is just big enough to house 4 footswitches and an ethernet jack. Enclosure B has 9V DPDT relays to route audio ins and ...
14 views

### how do you use an enabled decoder as a multiplexer?

how do you use an enabled decoder as a multiplexer with an AND gate?
61 views

### Result of increasing number of stages in pipeline processor

We are learning about singlecycle/multicycle processors and in the book it is said Pipeline processor is k(number of stages) times faster than single cycle processor. However at a later point it ...
28 views

### How to asynchronously receive USART data using STM32 HAL?

I'm trying to accumulate any bytes that come into the UART peripheral at any moment into a circular buffer. I want to match proprietary protocol packets on this window of data, but it's unclear how I ...
49 views

### How can I match phase voltage between a transformer primary and secondary?

I am trying to make a circuit to transform 240VAC, split-phase to a 0 to 5V waveform for an Arduino ADC so I can measure the mains voltage. I have read this question (How to measure line voltage (220V)...
37 views

ADC in question is onboard ATMega168 micro controller. Relevant parts of the circuit look like this: simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab Now I know AVCC is recommended ...
22 views

### 12 v dc led lights in parallel

I have a 12 v dc power supply 36 watt 3 amp attempting to run 5 12v dc 4 watt led lights in parallel. at first i tried running 5 hallogen lights but figured they were drawing to much power so switched ...
44 views

### What happened to the open bench logic sniffer?

Around 2015 the Open Bench Logic Sniffer looked like a really promising logic sniffer/analyzer at a price a hobbyist could tolerate. These were available assembled from Seeed (and others?) There's no ...
21 views

### DC Free Transmission SNR

My SNR is better with DC Free transmission. Why? Example: 1.) Datasignal with DC: Datastream consisting of 0V and 1V. 2.) Datasignal without DC: Datastream consisting of -0.5V and 0.5V. The ...
26 views

### Creating coder of MFM linear code (Miller) using logic gates

I have a problem with the implementation of my MFM encoder using logic gates (in the CEDAR program). It's not working correctly, and I don't know if this is software problem, or if I'm doing something ...
21 views

### How to convert a hex number into 7segment display, assembler 8051? [on hold]

When I receive data from slave while communicating with microcontroller I want to translate those data into 7seg display. Any idea how can I achieve that? r1=2Bh-->Turn this one into 7segment display
27 views

### design inductor (L) and capacitor (c) for dc to dc boost converter

dc to dc boost converter an input voltage of 5V≤Vin≤15V and an output of Vout=20V and 2W≤Pout≤5W. Switching frequency is fsw=25kHz. design the inductor (L) and capacitor (C).the ΔiL should be below 5% ...
11 views

### K_linear part description in Pspice

Please someone explains the main parameters used in the k_linear part in pspice , more specifically what is L1 , L2 , L3 and designators in its parameters?
46 views

### How do I calculate the voltage across a capacitor when the source is a square wave?

I have a series RC circuit with R= 2.2K Ohm and C=100 nF, and the voltage supply is a 2.5V peak square wave. And I'm not sure how to calculate the voltage across the capacitor.
17 views

### ferrite bead selection for GSM application

I am trying to get a better understanding of a good method for selecting ferrite beads from those available. I have a CLC filter, with 1uF x7r ceramics for each C, L being a ferrite bead in a 0805 ...
65 views

### Why the opposite of the passive sign convention is not the active sign convention?

Studying the fundamentals of circuit theory, I was reading the Wikipedia article on the Passive Sign Convention and found out about the Active Sign Convention (ASC). After searching many introductory ...
35 views

### Reverse Engineer DIN 5-pin connector

Summary I have a digitial guitar amplifier that can be controlled via a footswitch. The footswitch is connected to the amplifier via a DIN 5-pin cable. I want to be able to control the amplifier with ...
69 views

### What is the PCB name of this speaker connector?

I am designing a PCB board in EasyEDA for a DIY audio amp. I have searched in several places to find the proper technical name of this speaker connector but I could not find it. I searched in Mouser ...
40 views

### Ensuring good contact between ring terminals and the screw terminals they're bolted to

I'm working on a high-current switching converter for research purposes. Because of the voltages and currents involved, many components use screw terminals to connect to wires. I haven't used screw ...
52 views

### How should one terminate litz wire?

When using Litz wire, the accepted method of stripping the wire is by dipping it in a solder bath, which effectively turns the end of it into solid-core wire, so my question is thus: How good is the ...
57 views

### 24V DC to +5V and -5V

I need to convert 24V DC to +5V and -5V to power two op-amps (opa2134) and one ATtiny85 with minimal heat generated from the circuit. What voltage regulator would you recommend ? //Digis
I want to measure the amount of light striking a photodiode in a specific time window (about 1ms). In this window, we get $10^6-10^7$ photons, which get converted into electrons with about 80% ...