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A PMOS over a NMOS would work as a ternary inverter if the supply voltage is low (slightly above the threshold voltage):

^{simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab}

At -0.5V input, the output will be raised by M2 to 0.5V.
At 0V input, both transistors will be "Off" and the resistors will pull the output back to 0V.
At 0.5V input, M2 will shut off and M1 will turn on pulling output to -0.5V.

A Ternary NAND could be this:

^{simulate this circuit}

A Ternary NOR could be this:

^{simulate this circuit}

I would assume more complicated ternary gates could be made based on similar principles.