It's definitely a bad idea to wire a 110V outlet with 220V.  In particular, 220V is usually accomplished in the US using two hot wires, a neutral, and a ground.  But 110V outlets only have a connection for one hot; you really don't want to be putting that extra hot on the neutral or ground connections of a 110V outlet because very bad things will happen.  But even if you somehow have a single wire with 220V to ground, if you were to wire that up, the device could melt, short circuit, burn, and just generally be a major safety hazard.

(This depends a bit on what country you're in.  I'm guessing North America, since that's the main market with this combination of voltages.)

The [correct outlets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEMA_connector) look very different depending on the voltage.  In particular, the most common 220V outlets (NEMA 6-15) have horizontal pins where normal 15A/110V outlets (NEMA 5-15) have vertical pins.

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/NEMA_simplified_pins.svg" width="500" />

Maybe you're mistaking a 20A outlet for a 220V outlet?  It would be safe to put a 20A outlet on a 15A circuit, but you'd get circuit breaker trips if your device tries to use 20A.  But, again, it's not safe to put a 15A outlet on a 20A circuit because the outlet (and presumably anything you plug in) isn't designed to handle the current.

In any case, you may get more useful discussion on the [diy stackexchange](https://diy.stackexchange.com/).