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Size, shape, electrode contact area and surface contaminants will dominate any measurement with great uncertainty. Pure Quartz and Diamond are pure insulators with resistance like glass. …

Noise measurements depend greatly on the instrument measurement method. Results will change depending on setup for Acquisition Mode> Real-time, MemDepth and Sinx/x. … Thus your Zener noise is constant and measurement interpretation is incorrect. …

A typical 10Mohm probe is 9.5 pF which is mostly due to C1 in series with a much larger C of coax and trimcap combined. This results in an input impedance (s11) that drops below 10MOhms with rising fr …

Wien bridge oscillator depends on two capacitors changing. The Schmitt inverter Oscillator only depends on one shunt capacitor and a feedback resistor. If you want to measure a wide dynamic range then …

Long ago they relied of the speed of Gunn diodes for sampling the input signal waveform with a control pulse duration so that the difference frequency could be displayed on a slow timebase oscilloscop …

"Simple" Solution to get close to Maxwell 6 step method. Use Ic = C/10 [A] or Ic=CdV/dt or dV/dt= 0.1 V/s test slew rate with 3 Ohms approx for duration after charging for one hour and discharge to 5 …

Auto-ranging RLC meters will step thru constant current source levels and measure voltage and keep reducing current until out of over-flow range. Dynamic range of DMM and desired range of impedance wi …

Understand that tungsten lamps have a large temp rise >3200'C and NTC of 10:1 cold to hot resistance, thus if PWM pulses at a slow rate or too fast, Ipk can reach 10x bulb rated current or have large …

I came up with this simple idea for someone with no instruments other than a PC to use as a stop watch. Using NPO cermaic caps and small inductors, this is a fairly reliable oscillator that ought to …

A Windows PC can do this for free with Audacity. You still need the coax cables, Faraday shield box if necessary and an AC coupled 50 ohm load. View into a scope and amplify as needed from 0.1 V to 1 …

For different wave shapes, there is a conversion constant for sine, square, pulse, triangle, half rectified sine, full rectified sine. But ADC's use Sample & Hold and are fast, while some ADC's use du …

SNR is a power ratio of Ps/Pn, but as the voltage ratio it would be Vs²/Vn². If we look a carrier sweeping thru a BPF, we take one half of -3dB BW to get the single sided Low Pass equivalent time res …

HVAC is often measured with the cable interface insulators called bushings ( usually porcelain , glass or polycarbonate) that have built-in electrodes with an specified low capacitance value , suppli …

Yes it is a confusing schematic. THere are at least 3 poles on the rotary function switch which each have arrows to indicate the poles and the position on the DC connector changes to connect to the c …

3600F is the start capacitance and 0.29 mΩ is the initial ESR. 3000F is the rated C after certain conditions. a. -20 % after 1500 hours held continuously at Rated Voltage and Maximum Operating Tem …