16
A retriggerable monostable multivibrator such as 74LV123 would meet your requirements well:
Minimum pulse width 3.0 ns for 3 volt operation, 2.5 ns at 5 volts.
Output pulse width configured by external R/C, typically 470 microseconds
Retrigger time 45 ns (3 volts) to 40 ns (5 volts).
It is a standard logic IC, very little complexity, and there are two ...
12
15 years ago I designed a two parameter digitizer (energy and time) to measure time of flight. For this system I used a constant current source into a cap held in reset by a JFET. On receiving the trigger (NIM fast logic, level shifting kept in the analog (as opposed to saturated switching) regime, the JFET opened, and I was able to achieve 50ps resolution ...
11
This is just crying out for a microcontroller. Even the simplest dumbest that can drive a crystal (for accurate timing) can do this. That's certainly how it would be done in the real world.
If you've never used a micro before, there is a lot to learn. However, you seem to be in some electronic related field of study, so you'll have to learn this sooner ...
11
You left out the all-important information about how fast the pulses will be coming in, so I'll just assume the worst cases pulses are still slow enough for properly written firmware to catch.
I have found a few tricks to doing quadrature decoding in firmware:
Don't try to catch individual changes, poll at regular intervals instead. Assume that the ...
11
The circuit you cited is a ripple counter, not a synchronous counter. It actually has eleven states, 0000 through 1010, but as soon as the last state is reached, the NAND gate immediately (asychronously) resets the flip-flops to the 0000 state.
In a synchronous counter, all of the flip-flops would share a common clock, and you'd control the sequence of ...
10
The book is wrong. The right answer is C. 78=13*6. The mod-13 counter will be incremented with each pulse of the incoming signal, and will overflow every 13 counts of such pulses. The mod-6 counter will be incremented each time that the mod-13 counter overflows. The mod-6 counter will overflow every 6 of its counts. Therefore, the mod-6 counter will overflow ...
10
Have a look at the LED truth table on the same page:
Each output is consecutively active for the same time. By wired-OR-ing outputs you can create longer active times. So the green LED will be on during 4 time units.
Normally you would have to wired-OR Q0 through Q4 for the red LED, but we have a carry output (here called ":10") which does just that, see ...
10
Given it is an assignment, I'm not going to work through the logic. However in all such questions you can boil it down to a circuit with two steps:
You have a binary 0 to n-1 counter, where n is the number of required states (13 in your case). This can be a bog standard synchronous binary counter that starts at 0000 and then when it reaches n is reset back ...
10
We can see from the datasheet, that the CD4020 has the following block diagram:
Notice the naming of the outputs, you have Q1, and Q4-Q14.
Note also that it is a 14-stage counter, which means the counter internally has 14 outputs.
From your data you can see that Q1 (the LSB) is toggling on every negative edge pulse as you would expect. Q1 is the first bit ...
9
Is the trigger input completely asynchronous to the 50MHz clock? If so, it probably violates the setup and hold time requirements from time to time. You need to synchronize it to the clock through at least two FFs before you use it in any decision making.
I can hear you saying, "But it's only used in one if statement. If the trigger_state gets updated, ...
9
You're using a "glitch" to reset your counters. In other words, when the reset pulse starts, it immediately removes the conditions for its own creation, so it's only as wide as the propagation delay through one of the counters.
Clearly, one of those counters is faster than the other, so it resets successfully, while the other does not. This is why this is ...
8
However you do it you will require some kind of time signal as a base for your system.
That could be the (banned by your teacher) 555 timer, or a crystal oscillator, or anything which will give a regular on/off signal with a known frequency.
Then you have your counters.
Now, a binary counter module (like the 74xx393 for example) is also a frequency ...
7
You need to be careful: the PS/2 protocol is bidirectional, so you can't just transmit. Once in a while the computer will pull the CLK line low and then drive the DATA signal for a few clocks, and then you need to acknowledge it. Furthermore, your understanding of a keyboard protocol appears to be a bit incomplete. They do not send ASCII values, they send ...
7
If you attach suitably-valued resistors to the outputs of a Johnson counter, you can synthesize some very high-quality sinewaves.
Here is one example of this.
7
Other answers have focused on why you might be approaching this the wrong way. Although I agree with those answers, what you're asking for does exist, so I'll go ahead and give you a straight answer. You'll likely find that this approach is more expensive than alternatives though.
What you want is a 2 GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with 3.3-V ...
7
Set Jam Inputs J1-J4 to 0V (pulldown) then give a short positive going pulse on Preset Enable. That should set the all the outputs to low. Once Preset Enable goes back to 0, pulses on the clock input will cause the counter to count up or down (depending on how you've set UP/DOWN.)
A simple, easy, and not terribly reliable way to do this would be to ...
7
With synchronous counters the delay occurs while the clock is inactive (unchanging, or an inactive edge). When the next active edge arrives at the clock inputs, the data inputs are already stable. Hence all outputs change at the same moment, which is the essence of the system being 'synchronous'.
7
The book is wrong. The minimum clock period is 30 ns.
First FF clock-to-Q: 10 ns
First AND gate in-to-out: 10 ns
Second AND gate in-to-out: 10 ns
Setup time to third FF: 0 ns
Total: 30 ns
This is the time required from when the output of the first FF goes high (while the other two FFs are already high) to insure that the third FF goes low on the next ...
7
It sounds like you are expected to solve this with a state-machine type circuit, however it can also be done using a classical counter circuit.
The key to this problem is recognizing that for half the count you are inverting the counter output bits. Further, your output bit 0 is actually the most significant bit of the counter, it is just presented as the ...
6
Here is a simple positive pulse stretcher with some conditions:
The gain of the transistor will make the output rise quickly, but then it will decay back to ground according to the RC time constant, which is 47 ns in this example.
One of the problems is that you may not be able to tolerate the B-E voltage drop. If the PIC input requires 80% of Vdd for a ...
6
(a) My own preference is (strongly) for VHDL - in many ways, with VHDL, you know where you are, more accurately, than in Verilog. I described some of these ways in this answer and another answer there gave this useful link.
VHDL is said to be more verbose, but I find that its HLL features let me create hardware at a higher level, and that offsets the ...
6
You can solve this problem with just a couple of parts. TI makes logic parts in their 74AC logic family that operate correctly down to 1.5V. Use a 4 bit counter as shown below to repeatedly count from 8 to 15. Use the RCO output, which is a one clock wide pulse to reload the counter and to also drive an R/C circuit to produce the narrow pulse that you ...
6
You don't need to do any of that. Simply ignore the upper 2 bits. Now you have a 10 bit counter that automatically wraps around from 1023 to 0.
6
I think you do have an output signal but it only lasts for maybe 10 nano seconds before the reset in the chip has activated and cleared everything down again. Try using a scope with a trigger function and a fast time base.
6
Each segment on a 7-segment display is designated a letter (A-G). This is standard and is shown in the SN7447 datasheet:
You can use a diode tester or a simple voltage source and a resistor to determine the pinout of your particular display. Then just map the pins correctly (again, from datasheet):
6
An IR Diode and IR Transistor pair would work well. Make or break the line of sight, and your microcontroller or other input method can talk to the computer.
Drill a small hole on each side, and adjust it so that when the center plastic gets pushed down, the signal breaks. That's a count.
6
This is a pretty difficult accuracy/precision to hit.
First of all, according to the datasheet, you can't have a period on that pin of less than 20 ns, so that is a max frequency of 50 MHz. This is from Table 17-8 of the datasheet. So, 60 MHz is out.
But more importantly, you are trying to get a timing accuracy of 100 Hz / 60 MHz, this is 1.7 ppm ...
6
We have to assume that "it's impossible" is not the right answer, so that means that we can assume that the CPU has enough power to poll the pin at a rate that's fast enough not to miss any pulses.
I don't know why you think that "you need to hardcode the transition pattern". All you need to do is find the 0→1 and 1→0 transitions and count one or ...
6
Some long while ago, as a thought experiment, I 'designed' a time capture FPGA.
It had a ring oscillator, conventional other than the fact it had 41 inverters. The period was thus much much lower than the delay of any gate. The FPGA process had individual gate delays down in the 10s of pS where the routing was local and the fan-out low, but could only ...
6
There is no shortage of small microcontrollers that have both:
Digital counter.
Built-in hardware I2C peripheral that can act as an I2C slave.
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