For an inductor V = L di/dt or put another way, if voltage is constant across an inductor, then di/dt is constant. This means current will ramp up to infinite amps unless current is limited.

For a capacitor I = C dv/dt or put another way, if current is constant through the capacitor, then dv/dt is constant. This means voltage will ramp up to infinity unless voltage is limited.

There are only two formula that fully encapsulate the theory of inductors and capacitors in AC circuits and transient circuits. Understanding these formulas is more important than trying to ring-fence capacitor and inductor behavior by four trivial scenarios.

For an inductor \$V = L \dfrac{di}{dt}\$ or put another way...

If voltage is constant across an inductor, then \$\dfrac{di}{dt}\$ is constant. 

This means current will ramp up to infinite amps unless current is limited.

For a capacitor \$I = C \dfrac{dv}{dt}\$ or put another way...

If current is constant through the capacitor, then \$\dfrac{dv}{dt}\$ is constant. 

This means voltage will ramp up to infinity unless voltage is limited.