No, there is no way to know how many times they have been programmed. A typical user will only program them a few times, so you should be OK. If you plan on programming them tens of thousands of times, you should get new parts.

EEPROMs from the factory are normally unprogrammed (all 1's).

10,000 writes is a "guarantee", they won't magically die at this number. A typical part will last much longer.

No, there is no way to know how many times they have been programmed. A typical user will only program them a few times, so you should be OK. If you plan on programming them tens of thousands of times, you should get new parts.

EEPROMs from the factory are normally unprogrammed (all 1's).

100,000 writes is a "guarantee", they won't magically die at this number. A typical part will last much longer.