It's a good idea to inject the supply voltage in regular intervals (as you did). For a first prototype I've connected these LEDs in series and noticed the voltage drop as a shift in colors.
At max brightness each LED draws about 60mA. So for each triangle you'll need to provide 30 x 60mA = 1.8A.
0.5mm power lines seems on the low end. The trace width depends on various factors like copper thickness. Here is an online calculator: https://www.7pcb.com/trace-width-calculator.php
These LEDs don't get too hot, but I'd recommend a ground plane. If it were my design, I would add a power and a ground plane (or a single mixed ground/power plane) for heat dissipation and good power distribution.
As Tony Stewart EE75 stated, 0.1uF caps are missing. Alternatively you can use the improved WS2813C LEDs, which don't need any extra components. They're only slightly more expensive.
As for the power supply, you need at least 6x 1.8A = 10.8A. Wire size table: https://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm For 12A, you'll need AWG11 (2.3mm). For 2.3A, you'll need AWG18 (1.02mm)
- 12A: AWG11 (2.3mm)
- 2.3A: AWG18 (1.02mm)