If I use the Bjta BJT transistor as a switch, the transistor operates in the saturation or cut-off region, not in the active region.
However, some sources use the formula IcIC = B*Ibβ·IB. However, this formula is only used if the transistor is in the active region. So what's wrong?
Second question: If I connect a very large resistor (1M ohm1 MΩ) or a very small resistor (1m ohm1 mΩ) to the collector, will it still produce the same current according to this formula?
Third question: What exactly should I do to bring this transistor into these modes?