This is an important convention, because at the end of the signal chain, in areas such as communication or audio, voltage ultimately turns to power. Decibels are a relative power measure that comes from audio: the measure of audio level loss in long distance telephone circuits.
The bel and decibel are not intended to be ways of reducing arbitrary relative measurements to a log scale.
For instance, we don't say that a 10 kΩ resistor is 3 decibels more resistive than a 5 kΩ resistor! That would be a joke, like the one in The Art of Electronics (Horowitz and Hill):
[A] gold-plated op-amp for this application is the ultra-low-noise LT1028, which is 13 dB quieter and only 10 dB more expensive [...]
So the \$10 \log_{10}\$ scale of a relative voltage measurement may be valid in some situation, but it's just not called decibels, any more than something that costs $10 being called ten decibels more expensive than a $1 part.