I know what an Arduino's ADC generates a number with 10 bits of resolution (0 to 1023). How is this number generated? Is there a minimum and maximum voltage it will assign 0 and 1023 to, respectively?
I'm taking input from an amplified electret microphone.
Also, when I give the Arduino input, the value is not 0 when I'm not making noise in the mic. Sometimes is around 500, sometimes around 300, it changes. What could be the reason for this?