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I have designed a circuit to detect ice in software LTSpice. When I did ac analysis, it shows the gain is constant from 10KHZ to 10MHZ. That means, I can detect ice during operationg the sensor with these frequencies range. However, ice can be only detected at low frequencies. i.e 1Khz. So I want to make my circuit to works from 500Hz to 10MHZ. So I need ac response as flat with same circuit by making small changes. Please find the photographs and help me how to do it?enter image description here

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    \$\begingroup\$ How does the above circuit detect ice? On what physical principle does it work? \$\endgroup\$
    – Andy aka
    Commented Nov 23, 2020 at 12:45
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    \$\begingroup\$ This circuit is not going to work in the real world as there is no DC feedback meaning that the output of the opamp will clip to its maximum or minimum voltage depending on the opamp's input offset. If you don't understand what this means I suggest that you study the free Ebook: Opamps for everyone: web.mit.edu/6.101/www/reference/op_amps_everyone.pdf \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 23, 2020 at 13:03
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    \$\begingroup\$ Oh, and don't say "but it is OK in the simulator, only 2.46 mV at the output" because in the simulator the opamp will not have any DC offset until you enable that and do a Monte Carlo simulation. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 23, 2020 at 13:12
  • \$\begingroup\$ I do not understand what do you mean by DC offset. It has already worked for high frequencies and I want to implement it for low frequencies. What concept should I read in order to know this? in the same book? \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 23, 2020 at 15:24
  • \$\begingroup\$ Why is your title about "capacitance detection", yet the question says "ice detection"? \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 23, 2020 at 16:12

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