BLDC Y-shaped motor with Hall sensors generating different combination of back EMF on windings with different direction?

Question

I have a BLDC Y-shaped motor. I connected the Hall sensors and winding to a logic analyzer to see the combination of back EMF on thr windings. My intention is to eventually create a commutation table to spin the motor with sensors.

With the logic analyzer, I manually spin the motor in, for example, clockwise direction, and see the output on analyzer as the following:

So based on the back EMF and Hall sensor combination, let's say I decide to assign these three windings to be U, V, W as shown in the above picture

Then, I spin it in reverse direction, in this case counter-clockwise, and then I see the following:

As shown, the combination does not match.

I was expecting to see when at the same state of Hall sensors (which means the positions are the same), both directions should cause the windings to have the same back EMF, either HIGH or LOW.

Did I misunderstand something? How can I see different combinations of windings<->Hall sensors just because of spinning in different direction?

Answer 1

Before making an erroneous conclusion you have to understand how hall sensors for detecting a rotating PM field inside a BLDC works.

They change its state when pole changes, for example it turn to HI when passing N->S an they turn LO when passing S->N pole. If you spin the rotor backwards, then the same position at transition 1->0, now corresponds at transition 0->1 and the BEMF changes its sign due to negative rotation sign.

You can see that those signals you have marked at transition 1->0 correspond to +peak value on certain phase. Now observe the transition 0->1 of the same sensor, you'll see you get the -peak value of the same phase.