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We have different digital encoding methods like Unipolar, Polar, Bipolar, Manchester. I was working with stm32f411re and I saw USART uses Unipolar NRZ. So how do we change this encoding methods?

I searched in the internet but couldn't find any relevant information about my question.

So finally I asked Chatgpt & Bard, they consistently quoted "data format registers" and "transmission control registers". But I'm unable to find these registers in any MCU.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ You can't find those registers because your MCU only supports Unipolar NRZ. That's all a standard UART supports. If you want something else, then you'll need to specifically look for that feature in an MCU when you choose it. \$\endgroup\$
    – brhans
    Commented Aug 30, 2023 at 14:05
  • \$\begingroup\$ the MCU manufacturer can easily use a different name for the register \$\endgroup\$
    – jsotola
    Commented Aug 30, 2023 at 15:00
  • \$\begingroup\$ This is a nice illustration of why ChatGPT as it currently is is basically useless for serious engineering: it can't tell you what it's freely made up from what is compiled facts from other sources. \$\endgroup\$
    – Marcus Müller
    Commented Sep 12, 2023 at 6:59

2 Answers 2

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Standard usarts use unipolar NRZ. You need different peripherals to generate the other signal encodings, though depending on the bit rate, you might be able to bit-bang what you need.

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UARTs uses NRZ with digital logic levels and are unipolar. Add an offset, or remove it, and it's bipolar. RS-232 is a common bipolar NRZ method for UART, just add an RS-232 transceiver chip.

Other interfaces use other codings.

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