According to Wikipedia,
The reason that a tunnel diode conducts current in reverse direction is :
1)In the tunnel diode, the dopant concentrations in the p and n layers are increased to the point where the reverse breakdown voltage becomes zero and the diode conducts in the reverse direction.
2)Quantum Tunneling : Under reverse bias, filled states on the p-side become increasingly aligned with empty states on the n-side and electrons now tunnel through the pn junction barrier in reverse direction.
Which is the more appropriate and more dominant reason, i.e. which effect contributes more current ?