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For questions relating to frequency modulation (FM). This is a scheme where a carrier is modulated by varying its frequency to carry information.

12 votes

If an FM signal has different frequencies, how does the radio receive the signal in a fixed ...

For FM, Carson's bandwidth rule informs you the approximate bandwidth of a transmission. The bandwidth value it calculates contains 98% of the energy of the whole transmission. It is expressed by the …
Andy aka's user avatar
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8 votes

Radio Transmitter Circuit

Back-story Internally to the BJT is a parasite called "Miller capacitance". It can be regarded as a capacitor between collector and base and is typically, for normal transistors, in the region of 10 …
Andy aka's user avatar
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8 votes
Accepted

Frequency spacing and the doppler effect

When moving at 1km per second (very fast for anything using a road) a radio wave of carrier frequency 100 MHz will appear to shift to 99.9997MHz if traveling away from the source of the transmission. …
Andy aka's user avatar
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7 votes
Accepted

Would you explain the output waveform of this FM transmitter circuit?

Why someone hasn't answered this beats me.... Your sound card input is good for 20 kHz and maybe 80 kHz on a good sound card sampling at 196 kHz. 88 MHz is well over a thousand times too high in freq …
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7 votes

Identifying an old RF circuit

It looks like an RF transmitter to me, maybe FM It smells of amplitude modulation rather than FM because of the way 2 modulates the base bias in the oscillator. Moreover, I'm puzzled by the …
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7 votes
Accepted

Basic FM circuit

C3 turns the circuit into an oscillator. To understand this you need to think hard about the role of the emitter and the thing you have to think hard about is this - the emitter (as well as the base) …
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6 votes
Accepted

Simple FM transmitter

All BJTs have what is known as "miller capacitance". It can be "altered" by a greater or lesser reverse bias voltage across the collector-base region. Note that C1 shunts this small capacitance to gro …
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6 votes
Accepted

How to build an FM transmitter and how does it work?

How am I supposed to learn this stuff? There are no short cuts and I would learn the following (but there's no guarantee I haven't missed anything from the list because I learnt this stuff decade …
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5 votes
Accepted

Whats the principle of a PLL used as demodulator of a FM signal?

With FM you get much more than two sideband frequencies. The sidebands you describe sound more like AM (amplitude modulation) sidebands. You may want to supply a link where you get this information fr …
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4 votes

FM receiver not picking up any stations

I am trying to make an FM receiver. FM receiver not picking up any stations The circuit you have posted is an AM receiver and it ain't a very good AM receiver either. You need to load the diode dete …
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4 votes
Accepted

Piece of wire as FM antenna

Have you recently plugged in a phone charger close to the radio? @andy_aka You were spot on. Moving the USB phone charger to the other side of the room has eliminated the interference. I think …
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4 votes

Send text data using FM frequencies

You can use basic radio modules like these: - These happen to be from a company called RF solutions but there are plenty of people supplying them. The tricky part is packaging the data (that you …
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4 votes
Accepted

FM Transmitter Power and approx Transmission Distance Calculation

I've made a 'powerful FM transmitter' and measured the peak current across the Amplifying transistor's collector-emmitter. It reads approx 300mA. You are measuring current incorrectly. Puttin …
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4 votes
Accepted

Why is transformer coupling used in a simple slope detector? Can't the FM signal be applied ...

Why is transformer coupling used in a simple slope detector? You don't need a transformer for a simple slope detector. This circuit would work providing you select the centre frequency to be one sid …
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3 votes

FM transmitter circuit working?

Your understanding is flawed but redeemable. Firstly there is a subtlety in this type of design that is usually missed by beginners. It's called the miller capacitance. That internal transistor capaci …
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